Search Results for Oxford

Biographies

  1. Bliss Nathaniel biography
    • He matriculated at Pembroke College, Oxford, in 1716, and graduated BA on 27 June 1720.
    • In 1723 he was awarded an MA by Oxford, then married Elizabeth Hillman shortly after.
    • Elizabeth was the daughter of the leading Oxford scholar Thomas Hillman of Painswick.
    • Bliss then took holy orders, becoming rector of St Ebbe's Church, Oxford in 1736.
    • Two other important scientists were working in Oxford at this time; Edmond Halley and James Bradley.
    • Halley had been appointed to the Savilian chair of geometry at Oxford in 1704 and had been appointed Astronomer Royal in 1720.
    • Bradley had been appointed to the Savilian chair of astronomy at Oxford in 1721.
    • Bliss attended lectures by Bradley but [Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000).',4)">4]:- .
    • Following this he set up instruments in Oxford creating the fourth observatory in the city.
    • Of course the journey from Oxford to Greenwich was not too difficult and he frequently visited Bradley at Greenwich.
    • Bliss, of course, was Savilian professor of geometry at Oxford so, although his research interests were mainly in astronomy, he also taught mathematics at Oxford.
    • McConnell writes [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • Of course he was nearly 62 years of age when appointed and he only held the post for two years before his death so had relatively little time to make a mark [Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000).',4)">4]:- .
    • J Fauvel, R Flood and R Wilson explain in [Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000).',4)">4] events which followed the death of Bliss:- .
    • We must, however, assume that Bliss continued to teach in Oxford after his appointment as Astronomer Royal, for on 21 May 1765, his enterprising widow launched what one assumes to have been a continuation of his popular lectures, delivered by Bradley's Savilian astronomical successor, Thomas Hornsby, 'for the Entertainment of ladies and others'.

  2. Titchmarsh biography
    • Died: 18 Jan 1963 in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England .
    • In December 1916, when he was seventeen years old, Titchmarsh won an Open Mathematical Scholarship to Balliol College, Oxford and he began his studies there in October 1917.
    • After just one term at Oxford he joined the Royal Engineers and in August 1918 he was sent to France as a dispatch rider.
    • However Titchmarsh served with the Royal Engineers for almost a further year before he was able to return to his interrupted studies in Oxford in October 1919.
    • At Oxford he was tutored by J W Russell.
    • At Oxford Titchmarsh soon came under the influence of Hardy and he later wrote:- .
    • This appointment in London did not see Titchmarsh end his association with Oxford.
    • Far from it, he took the examinations for a Prize Fellowship at Magdalen College Oxford, also in 1923, and, having won the Fellowship, he held it for seven years.
    • During the academic year 1928-29 Hardy was at Princeton, and it was Titchmarsh who took over the supervision of Mary Cartwright who was, at that time, one of Hardy's doctoral students at Oxford.
    • Despite having duties at both London and Oxford, Titchmarsh found time to visit his father who was by this time a Congregational minister in Essex.
    • Titchmarsh was appointed to Burkill's chair at Liverpool, a post he held for two years before he succeeded to Hardy's Savilian chair at Oxford when Hardy moved to Cambridge.
    • By chance, Titchmarsh was visiting Oxford to examine a doctorate and bumped into Ferrar who asked him whether he'd applied for Hardy's vacant Oxford Chair.
    • Titchmarsh held the Savilian Chair of Geometry at Oxford for 30 years.
    • Sir Michael Atiyah reminisces about Titchmarsh in [J Fauvel, R Flodd and R Wilson (eds.), Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000), 260-261.',4)">4]:- .
    • When I first came to Oxford he was curator of the Mathematical Institute, so as a newly arrived member I had to go to him to get a key to my office.

  3. Elliott biography
    • Born: 1 June 1851 in Oxford, England .
    • Died: 21 July 1937 in Oxford, England .
    • He was educated at Magdalen School in Oxford then, in 1869, he entered Magdalen College of the University of Oxford to study mathematics.
    • After outstanding achievements at university, Elliott became a Fellow and Mathematical Tutor of Queen's College, Oxford, in 1874.
    • In addition to his Fellowship at Queen's College, Elliott was appointed a lecturer in mathematics at Corpus Christi College in Oxford in 1884.
    • Elliott's mathematical life circulated round the twin foci of Oxford and London.
    • Besides his work in formal teaching and lecturing at Oxford, he was one of the founders (1888) of the Oxford Mathematical Society, its first secretary, and later its president.
    • His contributions to teaching at Oxford are described in [The Times [available on the Web]',1)">1]:- .

  4. Harriot biography
    • Born: 1560 in Oxford, England .
    • He is described in [J Fauvel, R Flodd and R Wilson (eds.), Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000), 56-59.',10)">10] by Fauvel and Goulding as:- .
    • the greatest mathematician that Oxford has produced ..
    • In fact all that is known is that on Friday 20 December 1577 he matriculated at the University of Oxford with an entry in the official records giving his age as seventeen, his father as a plebeian, and his birthplace Oxfordshire.
    • It is from this record that his date of birth is deduced to be 1560 and we know that his father was a "commoner" but the very fact that Harriot was entering Oxford means that it is unlikely that he came from the poorest classes.
    • As an undergraduate at Oxford, Harriot was a student at St Mary's Hall.
    • Hakluyt, dedicating a preface to Raleigh in February 1587, wrote (see for example [Thomas Harriot : a biography (Oxford, 1983).',4)">4]):- .
    • Pepper describes the advances in navigational techniques made by Harriot by the time he wrote Arcticon [Thomas Harriot : Renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974), 54-90.',18)">18]:- .
    • Although there is no direct evidence that Harriot made this voyage, Quinn in [Thomas Harriot: Renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974), 36-53.',23)">23] argues convincingly that he was one of those making this preliminary survey.
    • Although in [Thomas Harriot : a biography (Oxford, 1983).',4)">4] it states that he had discovered the sine law of refraction of light before 1597, in fact we now know that the precise date of Harriot's important discovery was July 1601.
    • He made one error, however, [Thomas Harriot : a biography (Oxford, 1983).',4)">4]:- .
    • He described Harriot as (see for example [Thomas Harriot : a biography (Oxford, 1983).',4)">4]):- .

  5. Fox Leslie biography
    • Died: 1 Aug 1992 in Oxford, England .
    • He won a scholarship to study mathematics at Christ Church, Oxford, and entered the University in 1936.
    • At Oxford, Fox was highly successful in his mathematical studies but also took a full part in university life.
    • Not only did he play football for the university Football Club but he also played for Oxford City Football Club.
    • As well as his mathematical work, which we describe below, Fox continued his sporting interests [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • During this period he continued to publish on the relaxation methods which he had begun studying while at Oxford.
    • In 1957 Fox took up an appointment at Oxford University where his task was to set up a Computing Laboratory [Bull.
    • In 1963 Fox was appointed as Professor of Numerical Analysis at Oxford also being elected to a professorial fellowship at Balliol College.
    • His first book appeared in print in the year in which he was first appointed to Oxford, namely 1957.
    • Fox's laboratory at Oxford was one of the founding organisations of NAG in 1970 and he strongly encouraged the development of the group, offering considerable resources from his own Computing Laboratory.
    • He was the Oxford representative on NAG until the year following his retirement.
    • He died from a ruptured aneurysm in the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford.
    • His character is described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1] as follows:- .

  6. Whitehead Henry biography
    • His mother had studied mathematics at Oxford University, being one of the early women undergraduates, while the famous mathematician and philosopher, Alfred North Whitehead, was his uncle.
    • It was at that age that his parents brought him back from India and left him in the care of his maternal grandmother who lived in Oxford.
    • Henry's childhood in Oxford was a quiet one since [Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society of London 7 (1961), 349-363.',6)">6]:- .
    • Whitehead wanted to go to Balliol College, Oxford, to study mathematics but his mathematics teacher at Eton did not think that he stood a chance of winning a scholarship.
    • As Eton had done, however, Oxford also provided a whole range of distractions to Whitehead.
    • At Oxford Whitehead developed another passion, namely playing poker.
    • Whitehead played poker for quite large sums of money while at Oxford although his friends did not always pay what they owed him.
    • At Oxford Whitehead showed himself to be better than the "good" at mathematics which he had displayed at Eton.
    • It took not much over a year of work at the stockbrokers to convince Whitehead that the City was not the life for him so, in 1928, he returned to the University of Oxford.
    • While at Oxford Whitehead met Veblen, who was on leave from Princeton.
    • Whitehead returned to Oxford after being awarded his doctorate and he was elected to a Fellowship at Balliol College in 1933.
    • They lived at first in St Giles, Oxford, but later moved to North Oxford after their first of their two sons was born.
    • Whitehead also studied Stiefel manifolds and set up a school of topology at Oxford.
    • Whitehead left Oxford in 1940 to undertake war work in London, spending [Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society of London 7 (1961), 349-363.',6)">6]:- .
    • After working at the Board of Trade, at the Admiralty, and finally at the Foreign Office, during the War, Whitehead returned to his home in North Oxford when World War II ended.
    • In 1947 he was appointed to the Waynflete Chair of Pure Mathematics at Oxford.
    • She had owned a small farm and when Whitehead inherited the cattle he and his wife decided to buy Manor Farm in Noke, north of Oxford.

  7. Rogers James biography
    • Born: 30 March 1862 in Oxford, England .
    • Died: 12 Sept 1933 in Oxford, England .
    • Leonard James Rogers was born in Oxford, where his father, Thorold Rogers, was Professor of Political Economy.
    • Mr J Griffith, of Jesus College, himself a well-known Oxford mathematician with a strong interest in elliptic functions, noticed Rogers' marked mathematical ability, and taught him during his boyhood.
    • He made a remarkable recovery, however, and returned to live in Oxford, where he continued his mathematical work, did a little teaching and examining, and increased his fame as a gifted musician.
    • Chronicle 11 (1982), 1-15.',6)">6], [Oxford Figures, 800 years of the Mathematical Sciences, (Oxford, 2000) 187-201.',9)">9]).

  8. Bacon biography
    • Died: June 1292 in Oxford, England .
    • Although there is no record of Roger's education before he entered Oxford University it is likely that he would have been taught Latin and arithmetic by the local priest to prepare him for university studies (where all teaching was carried out in Latin).
    • At the age of thirteen he entered Oxford University, his father putting up the money for his board, subsistence, and tuition.
    • Entering university at the age of thirteen meant that the university was providing both what would be considered today as a secondary and tertiary education, so Bacon would have spent many years of study at Oxford.
    • He received Master's Degree from the University of Oxford and remained there teaching until around 1241.
    • They looked to the young lecturer Bacon, who had become an expert on Aristotle at Oxford where his teachings formed a major part of the course material, to lecture at the University of Paris on Aristotle's ideas.
    • This was only an administrative set-up and in no way indicated the language of teaching which, like Oxford, was Latin.
    • Bacon's interest in mathematics and natural philosophy, probably aroused by Peregrinus, took over his life in Oxford after he returned there in 1247.
    • Bacon visited Paris in 1251 but later left the University of Oxford and entered the Order of Friars Minor, the Franciscan Friary in Oxford.
    • In the Oxford friary he continued his interest in the sciences.
    • Perhaps, therefore, it is not surprising that soon after Richard was appointed, Bacon was forced to end his academic studies at the Oxford friary and was sent to a friary in Paris.

  9. Keill biography
    • Died: 31 Aug 1721 in Oxford, England .
    • Keill went to Oxford with David Gregory in 1692 and, after obtaining a scholarship to finance his studies, studied at Balliol College.
    • from Oxford on 2 February 1694.
    • At Oxford Keill lectured on Newton's work and was soon appointed as a lecturer in experimental philosophy at Hart Hall [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • Judging from the published version of his lectures (Introductio ad veram physicam, Oxford, 1701), many of his demonstrations were mathematical rather than experimental, being based on 'thought experiments' (imagined experiments) rather than real manipulations.
    • Feeling that he would not progress further in Oxford, after his two failures, he decided to look for a government position.
    • In the following year the Savilian Professorship of Astronomy in Oxford became vacant again and this time Keill was appointed taking up the post in 1712.
    • However [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • his choice of wife was regarded as something of a scandal - Mary Clements was held to be of very inferior rank, being the daughter of James Clements, an Oxford bookbinder.
    • He died at his home of a severe fever and was buried at St Mary's Church, Oxford.

  10. Hammersley biography
    • Died: 2 May 2004 in Oxford, England .
    • Having no success, in March 1938 he sat the scholarship examination of New College, Oxford, but again was not successful.
    • as a graduate assistant at Oxford in the Lectureship in the Design and Analysis of Scientific Experiment.
    • While at Oxford he published papers such as The unbiased estimate and standard error of the interclass variance (1949), The numerical reduction of non-singular matrix pencils (1949), Further results for the counterfeit coin problems (1950), The distribution of distance in a hypersphere (1950), and On estimating restricted parameters (1950).
    • After four years, he returned to Oxford in 1959 when appointed as Senior Research Officer at the Institute of Economics and Statistics.
    • He was promoted to Reader in Mathematical Statistics in 1969, and in the same year was elected to a Professorial Fellowship at Trinity College, Oxford.
    • He believed an Oxford Tutor should be capable of teaching every branch of his subject for the undergraduate degree, and that undergraduates should, in principle, be able to answer questions in all areas.
    • In [John Michael Hammersley : Mathematician, born in Helensburgh on 21 March 1920, died in Oxford on 2 May 2004',3)">3] Grimmett writes:- .
    • In 1987 he retired from his positions in Oxford and David Kendall gave a Speech proposing the toast to John Hammersley - 1 October 1987 which was subsequently published under this title.
    • Hammersley was also honoured with a conference at the Mathematical Institute in Oxford in 1990 to celebrate his 70th birthday.

  11. Ferrar biography
    • in Oxford, England .
    • Bill Ferrar entered Queen's College Oxford in 1912 after a good education at Bristol Grammar School where his mathematics teacher had inspired him with a love of pure mathematics.
    • He returned to Oxford in 1919, graduated in 1920 with the best First Class degree, and took up a post in Bangor which he had been offered before he took his finals.
    • The death of J E Campbell left a vacancy at Oxford which Ferrar filled in 1925.
    • At Oxford, although his main aim was to be heavily involved in research, he had to spend much time teaching and examining.
    • Hardy had been influential in setting up the Quarterly Journal of Mathematics at Oxford and Ferrar served as its editor from 1930 to 1933.
    • He moved towards administration with the post of Senior Tutor at his College in 1934 and then, in 1937, he became Bursar of Hertford College, Oxford.
    • In 1947 Ferrar submitted 35 papers and 2 books for the degree of Doctor of Science at Oxford and made many of his colleagues who had begun to think of him as solely an administrator realise what an outstanding research record he had.
    • In a letter to his Uncle at University College Nottingham my father was very critical of the standard of lecturing at Oxford in 1912.

  12. Collins biography
    • Born: 5 March 1624 in Wood Eaton (4km north of Oxford), England .
    • His first job was as an apprentice bookseller in Oxford, a job which he did for around three years.
    • Being a poor minister's son born within three miles of Oxford, and a while instructed in the Grammar school I went out betimes, my parents being dead, apprentice to a bookseller in Oxford, who failing I lived three years at Court and in that space forgot the Latin I had..
    • In 1642 the Civil War had broken out and the King, together with the Court, had moved to Christ's College Oxford.
    • It was the King's gardens in Oxford that are referred to above.
    • A canal was proposed to join the river Isis (the name given to the upper part of the river Thames in Oxford) and the river Avon (which flows west).
    • Collins went to Oxford in 1683 to survey the proposed route of the canal.

  13. Woods biography
    • Died: 15 April 2007 in Oxford, England .
    • His application for a Rhodes Scholarship to enable him to study for a doctorate at Oxford in England was successful and by the end of 1948 he had travelled with his family to begin studies at Merton College.
    • His supervisor at Oxford was Alexander Thom and after undertaking research in the Engineering Department he was awarded a D.Phil.
    • Woods then did something that few others have ever done - after the award of his doctorate he studied for an Oxford B.A.
    • He spent 1960 back in England at the Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell, then became the Foundation Fellow in Engineering at Balliol College, Oxford.
    • He was steadily promoted at Oxford, being made Reader in Applied Mathematics in 1965, then Professor of the Mathematics of Plasma in 1969.
    • Woods was Chairman of the Mathematical Institute at Oxford University from 1984 to 1989.
    • He retired from his Oxford chair in 1990 being made Professor Emeritus.

  14. Hawking biography
    • Born: 8 Jan 1942 in Oxford, England .
    • However, London was a dangerous place during World War II and Stephen's mother was sent to the safer town of Oxford where Stephen was born.
    • Part of his father's reasoning was that he wanted Hawking to go to University College, Oxford, the College he himself had attended, and that College had no mathematics fellow.
    • In March 1959 Hawking took the scholarship examinations with the aim of studying natural sciences at Oxford.
    • The prevailing attitude at Oxford at that time was very anti-work.
    • To work hard to get a better class of degree was regarded as the mark of a grey man - the worst epithet in the Oxford vocabulary.
    • From Oxford, Hawking moved to Cambridge to take up research in general relativity and cosmology, a difficult area for someone with only a little mathematical background.
    • Hawking had noticed that he was becoming rather clumsy during his last year at Oxford and, when he returned home for Christmas 1962 at the end of his first term at Cambridge, his mother persuaded him to see a doctor.

  15. Aristotle biography
    • Barnes writes in [Aristotle (Oxford, 1982).',6)">6] that Aristotle's:- .
    • The often quoted story that he became tutor to the young Alexander the Great, the son of Philip, is almost certainly a later invention as was pointed out by Jaeger, see [Aristotle (Oxford, 1948).',16)">16].
    • Prominence was given by Aristotle to the detailed study of nature and in this and all the other subjects he studied [Aristotle (Oxford, 1982).',6)">6]:- .
    • The reasons are discussed by Jaeger [Aristotle (Oxford, 1948).',16)">16], but in this work Jaeger argues that the apparent differences in the approach by Aristotle in different works can be explained by his ideas developing over a number of years.
    • Grayeff [Aristotle (Oxford, 1982).',6)">6] examines certain texts in detail and again claims that they represent developments in the ideas of Aristotle's school long after his death.
    • Barnes [Aristotle (Oxford, 1982).',6)">6] writes:- .
    • Aristotle believed that logic must be applied to the sciences [Aristotle (Oxford, 1982).',6)">6]:- .
    • As Heath explains in [Mathematics in Aristotle (Oxford, 1949).',14)">14]:- .
    • Heath notes in the introduction to [Mathematics in Aristotle (Oxford, 1949).',14)">14] some of the mathematics referred to by Aristotle in his works:- .
    • Heath [Mathematics in Aristotle (Oxford, 1949).',14)">14] also mentions the mathematics which Aristotle, perhaps surprising, does not refer to.
    • While Heath [Mathematics in Aristotle (Oxford, 1949).',14)">14] discusses the many mathematical references in Aristotle, the book [Aristotle\'s philosophy of mathematics (Chicago, 1952).',5)">5] attempts to construct (or reconstruct) a work on Aristotle's view of the philosophy of mathematics.
    • Heath [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',15)">15] explains Aristotle's idea that 'continuous':- .
    • Aristotle writes in Physics (see for example [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',15)">15]):- .

  16. Smith biography
    • Died: 9 Feb 1883 in Oxford, England .
    • One of his older sisters Eleanor Elizabeth Smith, born in 1822, went on to make a major contribution to education, and in particular to women's education in Oxford.
    • He was outstanding over a range of subjects and his ambition was a scholarship to Balliol College, Oxford.
    • He could not return to Oxford but this had the advantage that he was able to study with some of the top mathematicians at the Sorbonne and the College de France such as Arago.
    • After his health recovered he returned to Oxford in 1847 and in 1849 was awarded a double first in mathematics and classics.
    • Smith did not marry but lived in Oxford with his mother until her death in 1857.
    • He is described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2] as follows:- .
    • We learn much of Smith from the following comment from John Conington, the professor of Latin at Oxford, (see for example [The collected mathematical papers of H J S Smith (1894).',3)">3]):- .

  17. Ward Seth biography
    • He was appointed to the Savilian Chair of Astronomy at Oxford in 1649, a post which he held until 1661.
    • The Savilian Chair had become vacant in November of 1648 when Oxford was visited by representatives of Cromwell's parliamentary party with the purpose of ensuring that the scholars in post there were loyal to Parliament and they dismissed the holder of the chair John Greaves.
    • Ward set up an observatory at Wadham and was the first person at Oxford to teach the Copernican system.
    • In fact he was a member of the Oxford Philosophical Society which was a fore-runner of the Royal Society.
    • At that time Oxford was the home of many illustrious men of science, among whom may be mentioned John Wilkins, the Warden of Wadham; Robert Boyle; Thomas Willis; Jonathan Coddard; and John Wallis.
    • These men constituted a brilliant intellectual group and they, together with Ward and others, formed the Oxford Philosophical Society.
    • In the same letter we quoted from above (written on 27 February 1652), Ward describes the activities of the Oxford Philosophical Society [Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 7 (1) (1949), 68-70.
    • In addition to his work in astronomy, Ward wrote several mathematical works, in particular Idea trigonometriae demonstratae (1654), but he is perhaps best known for his defence of the teaching at Oxford.
    • Ward was awarded a divinity degree from Oxford in 1654.
    • In 1657 he was elected to the position of President of Jesus College, Oxford, but Cromwell preferred another and he never took up the post.
    • In 1659 he was elected President of Trinity College, Oxford, and this time he took up the post.
    • Already Dean of Exeter, he resigned the Savilian Chair of Astronomy at Oxford in 1661 in order to became Bishop of Exeter in the following year.
    • Wren was Ward's successor as Savilian professor at Oxford.

  18. Preston biography
    • He won an open scholarship to Magdalen College Oxford in 1943 but although the war was drawing to close by this time, he could not complete his studies at Oxford but undertook war service.
    • After spending one year at Oxford in 1943/4, I was called up for war service, volunteered for the navy, and was drafted to work for the foreign office at Bletchley Park.
    • Philip Watson (Philip and I had come together from Oxford), A 0 L (Oliver) Atkin, and Michael Ashcroft.
    • In 1946 Preston returned to Oxford to complete his undergraduate studies and he graduated with first class honours in mathematics in 1948 [Monash Conference on Semigroup Theory, Melbourne, 1990 (World Sci.
    • I took finals at Oxford in 1948 with a syllabus that I and most of my contemporaries regarded as impossibly out of date.
    • For example, our differential geometry lectures told us about two adjacent points on a curve, or two adjacent tangents to a curve, and my immediate contemporaries at Magdalen (my college at Oxford), Michael Barrett and Victor Guggenheim, and I, read the appropriate books that did this differential geometry properly.
    • Preston now continued to undertake research at Oxford on a part-time basis, first with Whitehead then with E C (Edward) Thomson as his advisor.
    • He left this post in 1950 to take up a position teaching at the Royal Military College of Science at Shrivenham, which is close to Swindon and about 35 km south west of Oxford.
    • He had returned to his teaching duties at Shrivenham after his time in New Orleans, but lived in Oxford where he participated in the mathematical life.
    • I met Gordon Preston first in 1959, when I arrived in Oxford as a graduate student working under the supervision of Graham Higman.
    • Gordon lived in Oxford - Shrivenham, his place of work, is just 30 km away - and he was a regular attender at the Higman algebra seminar.
    • For the final year of my study at Oxford, when Higman was on sabbatical leave in Chicago, Preston was my supervisor, and it is a pleasure now to be able to pay public tribute to the quality of the help and encouragement I received from him during that period.

  19. Halley biography
    • So Halley entered Queen's College Oxford in 1673, when he was seventeen years old, already an expert astronomer with a fine collection of instruments purchased for him by his father.
    • He began working with Flamsteed in 1675, the Astronomer Royal, assisting him with observations both at Oxford and at Greenwich.
    • Edmond Halley, a talented young man of Oxford, was present at these observations and assisted carefully with many of them.
    • Halley made important observations at Oxford, including an occultation of Mars by the Moon on 21 August 1676, which he published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.
    • Despite not having graduated from Oxford he found himself with the reputation of one of the leading astronomers.
    • He became a graduate of the University of Oxford on 3 December 1678 without taking the degree examinations, the degree being conferred on the command of King Charles II.
    • Halley had to administer his father's personal estate and he became involved in family, property and legal matters which are described fully in [J Fauvel, R Flodd and R Wilson (eds.), Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000), 117-136.',12)">12].
    • In 1691 he applied for the vacant Savilian Chair of Astronomy at Oxford.
    • However, the argument that Flamsteed used against Halley was one which he undoubtedly believed in sincerely, writing to Oxford that Halley would [Edmond Halley : Genius in Eclipse (New York-London, 1969).',7)">7]:- .
    • Halley was appointed Savilian professor of geometry at Oxford in 1704 following the death of Wallis.
    • It was described by Thomas Hearne (see [Edmond Halley : Charting the heavens and the seas (Oxford, 1997).',5)">5]):- .

  20. Wright biography
    • If this seemed like a great achievement for the young man with no formal training in mathematics, he was made to think otherwise by one of his fellow teachers at Chard School who suggested that reaching the standard of the London BA was about equivalent to the entrance standard for Oxford or Cambridge.
    • By this time Wright was twenty years old and scholarships for Oxford and Cambridge were almost all restricted to people younger.
    • He became a student at Jesus College, Oxford in 1926 [Telegraph (10 February 2005).',2)">2]:- .
    • His time at Oxford was happy.
    • He rowed for the college, learned to fly with the university air squadron (though he never learned to drive) and met his future wife, Phyllis Harris, an English student at St Hilda's and cox of the Oxford women's eight.
    • He became a research student of Hardy and was awarded the first Junior Research Fellowship at Christ College, Oxford, which he held from 1930 to 1933.
    • Having gained an MA and a DPhil from Oxford University, he was appointed a lecturer at Christ College Oxford in 1933; he taught there until 1935.
    • He was able to share his views that the British policy of appeasing Hitler was doomed to failure with R V Jones and Frederick A Lindemann (who was at the time professor of physics at Oxford, later becoming Lord Cherwell), who had similar opinions.
    • Wright left Oxford in the following year when, at the age of 29, he was appointed as Professor of Mathematics at Aberdeen.
    • As we mentioned above, he had learnt to fly while a student at Oxford, so it was natural he became a Flight Lieutenant in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve from 1941 to 1943.
    • In 1963 he was made an Honorary Fellow of Jesus College, Oxford.

  21. Campbell biography
    • Died: 1 Oct 1924 in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England .
    • Campbell graduated from the Queen's University in 1884 and won a scholarship to study at the University of Oxford in England.
    • He entered Hertford College, at that time a new College which had been founded in Oxford in 1874.
    • As to his success as a lecturer in Oxford Elliott, in [Proc.
    • Of his devotion to duty in Oxford it is impossible to speak too highly, and the general affection felt for him can hardly be exaggerated.
    • In the movement for women's education in Oxford he took a keen interest, and for several years recently was treasurer of Lady Margaret Hall.
    • He received an unusual tribute from the University of Cambridge when, shortly before his death, he was invited to examine the Mathematical Tripos at Cambridge, being the first Oxford mathematician to be asked to undertake this duty.

  22. Wren biography
    • Christopher Wren senior was a well educated man, having graduated from St John's College Oxford before entering the Church.
    • Wren entered Wadham College, Oxford on 25 June 1649, received a B.A degree on 18 March 1651and his M.A.
    • from Oxford in 1653.
    • He was elected a Fellow of All Souls, Oxford, in 1653 and lived in the College until 1657.
    • At Oxford Wren carried out many scientific experiments.
    • Perhaps what was most remarkable about the years Wren spent in Oxford was the breadth of his interests.
    • Wren became Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford in 1661 and held this post until 1673.
    • It is not quite clear where Wren's interest in architecture first arose although we have noted his contributions during his Oxford days to military devices for defending cities and means for fortifying ports.
    • Certainly he read On Architecture by Vitruvius, written in the first century BC, while he was a student in Oxford.
    • In the same year he submitted a model of his design of the Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford, to the Royal Society.
    • In 1668 building work began on Wren's designs for the Emmanuel College Chapel, Cambridge and the Garden Quadrangle, Trinity College, Oxford.
    • It is worth noting that despite the remarkable number of designs Wren was working on at this time, he still held the Savilian Chair of Astronomy at Oxford.

  23. Edgeworth biography
    • Died: 13 Feb 1926 in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England .
    • After graduating, he was awarded a scholarship to study at Oxford and he entered Exeter College in January 1867.
    • At Oxford he spent some time at Magdalen and at Balliol, graduating in 1869.
    • Exactly what Edgeworth did in the years after leaving Oxford is unclear but certainly he lived in London with little financial support.
    • In 1891 Edgeworth left London to take up the Drummond Chair of Political Economy at Oxford.
    • Every summer, even at the age of 80, he used to bathe at Parson's Pleasure before breakfast, and he would often be seen riding his bicycle in the country round Oxford or playing on the course at Cowley.

  24. Briggs biography
    • Died: 26 Jan 1630 in Oxford, England .
    • He is of great importance in the development of mathematics but, as Hill writes in [Intellectual origins of the English revolution (Oxford, 1965), 38.',8)">8]:- .
    • Mr Henry Briggs of Oxford, the great mathematician, is lately dead, at 74 years of age.
    • In 1619 Savile founded a chair of geometry at Oxford because:- .
    • Briggs was made a fellow of Merton College Oxford to enable him to hold the Savilian chair but he did not resign his position in Gresham College until a few months later, ending his 23 year employment with the Gresham College on 25 July 1620.
    • Briggs's first publication after his appointment at Oxford was an edition of the first six book of Euclid's Elements which he published in 1620.

  25. Berkeley biography
    • Died: 14 Jan 1753 in Oxford, England .
    • Stewart writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .
    • He took on additional duties such as [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .
    • Despite this he travelled with his wife to Oxford in July 1752 to see his second son George begin his studies at Christ Church.
    • In fact his intention was to remain at Oxford for the rest of his life, which he anticipated would not be very long.
    • He left instructions that he was not to be buried for at least five days and he was buried at Christ Church, Oxford on 20 January.

  26. Coulson biography
    • Died: 7 Jan 1974 in Oxford, England .
    • In 1945 Coulson was appointed as a lecturer in mathematics at University College, Oxford, where he was also a fellow at the Physical Chemistry Laboratory.
    • Coulson left his chair in London in 1952 when he was appointed Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford where he was also made a fellow of Wadham College.
    • He recovered and in 1972 he left the Rouse Ball chair of mathematics to become professor of theoretical chemistry at Oxford.
    • He died from cancer in his home in Oxford.
    • Also [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  27. Wallis biography
    • Died: 28 Oct 1703 in Oxford, England .
    • He was appointed to the Savilian Chair of geometry at Oxford in 1649 by Cromwell mainly because of his support for the Parliamentarians.
    • This was not the only position which Wallis would hold at Oxford.
    • In 1657 he got himself chosen (by unjust means) to the Custos Archivorum of the University of Oxford ..
    • His non-mathematical works include many religious works, a book on etymology and grammar Grammatica linguae Anglicanae (Oxford, 1653) and a logic book Institutio logicae (Oxford, 1687).

  28. Savile biography
    • Henry Savile entered Brasenose College Oxford in 1561 and he was elected a Fellow of Merton College Oxford in 1565.
    • On 10 October 1570 he began to lecture at Oxford on Ptolemy's Almagest and we are fortunate in that his lecture notes for this course have survived.
    • Of course, as we shall see below, fifty years later Savile tried to rectify these shortcomings by setting up two chairs at the University of Oxford.
    • On his return to Oxford in 1582 he became a Greek tutor to Queen Elizabeth.
    • In 1585 he became Warden of Merton and, in addition, he became Provost of Eton in 1596 [J Fauvel, R Flodd and R Wilson (eds.), Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000), 51-56.',4)">4]:- .
    • In 1592 Queen Elizabeth I visited the University of Oxford and Savile was much occupied in making sure that the University impressed her so that it would continue to receive financial support.
    • However Savile is most famous for founding two chairs at Oxford in 1619.
    • The Savilian chair of Geometry was first occupied by Briggs and Savile ended his lecture with the words (see for example [J Fauvel, R Flodd and R Wilson (eds.), Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000), 51-56.',4)">4]):- .

  29. Higman biography
    • Died: 8 April 2008 in Oxford, England .
    • He was educated at Sutton Secondary School in Plymouth and won a natural sciences scholarship to study at Balliol College Oxford.
    • Following a suggestion by Whitehead, Higman founded the Invariant Society (an Oxford undergraduate mathematical society).
    • After graduating Higman continued to study for his doctorate at Oxford.
    • It is not surprising that at this early stage in his career he was unsuccessful, but Henry Whitehead encouraged him to return to Oxford rather than to seek a chair at a second rate place.
    • He did so in 1955 being appointed as a Lecturer in Mathematics in Oxford and then, very soon after, he was promoted to Reader in Mathematics.
    • In 1958 he was honoured with election as a Fellow of the Royal Society of London and, in the same year, he became a Senior Research fellow at his old Oxford College, Balliol College.
    • Higman was appointed Waynflete Professor of Pure Mathematics at Oxford in October 1960 and, at the same time, he was elected a Fellow of Magdalen College Oxford.
    • Immediately after he retired from Oxford, Higman went to the United States where he was George A Miller visiting professor at the University of Illinois for the two years from 1984 to 1986.
    • I [EFR] attended a lecture course which he gave at Oxford on this topic in the 1960s.
    • In the years before he retired from Oxford in 1984, Higman gave a course on recent work on existentially closed groups.

  30. Dodgson biography
    • Charles Dodgson senior was born in 1800 and studied at the University of Oxford where he gained a First Class degree in both mathematics and classics.
    • He was appointed as a mathematics lecturer at Oxford where he held a Fellowship but, on marrying his cousin Frances Jane Lutwidge in 1827, he had to give up his Oxford Fellowship.
    • Not only did Charles model himself on his father, but his father also wanted his son to follow in his footsteps by studying mathematics at Oxford, then obtaining a Fellowship, marrying and becoming a vicar.
    • He left Rugby in December 1849 and in the following May he travelled to the University of Oxford to make the necessary arrangements to begin his studies there.
    • As his father wished, Dodgson matriculated at Christ Church College Oxford, which had been his father's College.
    • On 24 January 1851 Dodgson returned to Oxford to live with the Rev.
    • When he returned to Oxford he was filled with a determination to work hard so that he might win scholarships and become financially independent.
    • During the summer of 1855 Dodgson taught at his father's school in Croft and by the time he returned to Oxford in October it was as a Mathematics Lecturer, the position that he had sought.
    • Dodgson remained at Christ Church, Oxford, lecturing on mathematics and writing treatises and guides for students until 1881.

  31. Turner biography
    • He was educated at Oxford matriculating at St Mary Hall on 31 October 1600, then moving to Christ Church from where he graduated with a B.A.
    • Turner became a fellow of Merton College, Oxford in 1607, holding the fellowship until 1648.
    • In 1620 he succeeded Briggs first to the chair of geometry at Gresham College in London, then, in 1630, to the Savilian chair of Geometry at Oxford [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • The King moved to Oxford, setting up his court in Christ Church, while London was controlled by Parliament.
    • However in 1643 there was an exchange of prisoners between Parliament's side and the King's side and Turner was allowed to return to join the King in Oxford.
    • By the spring of 1646 Oxford was surrounded by Parliament's forces but the King escaped and joined the Scottish covenanters.
    • Laud became president of St John's, Oxford, in 1611 and then chancellor in 1629.
    • Laud set up a committee which produced the Laudian statutes, new endowments and new buildings in Oxford.
    • Through Laud, Turner gained the appointment to the Savilian chair of Geometry at Oxford.

  32. Peierls biography
    • Died: 19 Sept 1995 in Oakenholt, near Oxford, England .
    • He continued to work there despite offers from Oxford, Manchester, London and Cambridge.
    • In 1961 he was offered the Wykeham Chair of Physics at Oxford.
    • He worked in Oxford until he retired in 1974, then spent the period between February and May of each of the next three years at the University of Washington.

  33. Greaves John biography
    • Taught by his father until his death in 1616, John was able to enter Balliol College, Oxford, in the following year aged fifteen.
    • After studying for six years, he graduated in 1623, then was elected a fellow at Merton College, Oxford, in the following year.
    • He was able to retain his fellowship at Merton College, Oxford.
    • He took with him the instruments he required for his task [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • (Several of the instruments are now in the Museum of the History of Science at Oxford University.) .
    • Well, it is not completely true to say that he took all the instruments he required for in the spring of 1638 he wrote from Istanbul (Constantinople) to Peter Turner at Merton College, Oxford [J.
    • However, in 1643 he was appointed to the more prestigious position of Savilian professor of astronomy at Oxford.
    • In November of 1648 Oxford was visited by representatives of Cromwell's parliamentary party with the purpose of ensuring that the scholars in post there were loyal to Parliament.
    • The loss of his Oxford positions was not a great tragedy since he had adequate financial resources to live in comfort.

  34. Love biography
    • Died: 5 June 1940 in Oxford, England .
    • Love was appointed to the Sedleian chair of natural philosophy at Oxford in 1899.
    • In the same year of 1927 he was also elected to a fellowship at Queen's College Oxford.
    • His lectures to his students at Oxford were models of clear thinking and style.

  35. Wilkins biography
    • John Wilkins's father was Walter Wilkins, a goldsmith from Oxford.
    • He was taught his Latin and Greek by Edward Sylvester, a noted Grecian, who kept a Private School in the Parish of All Saints in Oxford: His Proficiency was such, that at Thirteen Years of Age he entered a Student in New-Inn, in Easter-Term 1627.
    • After graduating, he tutored in Oxford, then was appointed Vicar at Fawsley.
    • On 13 April 1648 Wilkins was appointed Warden of Wadham College, Oxford.
    • Wilkins certainly carried out his duties at Oxford with great skill.
    • About the year 1648-49, some of our company being removed to Oxford (first Dr Wilkins, then I, and soon after Dr Goddard) our company divided.
    • Those in London continued to meet there as before (and we with them, when we had occasion to be there, and those of us at Oxford ..
    • and divers others, continued such meetings in Oxford, and brought those Studies into fashion there..
    • This Oxford group met in Wadham College while Wilkins was Warden there but, after Wilkins moved to Cambridge, they met at Boyle's lodgings.

  36. Hooke biography
    • In 1653, feeling that he had assimilated as much knowledge as Westminster School could offer, he entered Christ College, Oxford where he won a chorister's place.
    • He began to study at Oxford at a particularly significant time for Thomas Willis, Seth Ward, Robert Boyle, John Wilkins, John Wallis, Christopher Wren and William Petty were among those who regularly met as the "Oxford branch" of the "invisible college" or the "philosophical college" which had been set up in 1648-49 when some of the scientists meeting in London moved to Oxford.
    • In Oxford Hooke learnt astronomy from Seth Ward and impressed Wilkins with his knowledge of mechanics.
    • Wilkins gave him a copy of his book Mathematical Magick, or the wonders that may be performed by mechanical geometry which he had published five years before Hooke arrived in Oxford.
    • Hooke never took a bachelor's degree [but] Oxford had given him more than a thousand degrees could match.
    • Many of the scientists in Oxford had been appointed because of their Puritan sympathies and they now lost their positions and moved to London.
    • And particularly that of the oval figure of the Earth which was read by me to this Society about 27 years since upon the occasion of the carrying the pendulum clocks to sea and at two other times since, though I have had the ill fortune not to be heard, and I conceive there are some present that may very well remember and do know that Mr Newton did not send up that addition to his book till some weeks after I had read and showed the experiments and demonstration thereof in this place and had answered the reproachful letter of Dr Wallis from Oxford.

  37. Benjamin biography
    • Died: 16 Aug 1995 in Oxford, England .
    • In 1979 Benjamin was appointed to the Sedleian Chair of Natural Philosophy a the University of Oxford.
    • At Essex he was able to put his ideas into practice, whereas at Oxford he focused more on public issues of science.

  38. Ollerenshaw biography
    • In July 1930, at the age of 17, after taking her Higher School Certificate, Kathleen left St Leonard's and applied to Oxford and Cambridge to study mathematics.
    • Her first choice would have been Cambridge because of its mathematical reputation, but Robert had just started studying medicine at Oxford.
    • However, she realised that to pass the Oxford and Cambridge entrance examinations would require further practice, so she sought advice from the mathematics department at Manchester University.
    • When she finally sat the entrance exams, Kathleen found the algebra-geometry paper set by Oxford to be very easy [1]:- .
    • The Oxford interview went much better for when asked about her summer holiday she gave a detailed account of the conference in Geneva.
    • She was awarded an open scholarship to Somerville College, Oxford and only when she began her course did she explain she was deaf.
    • In her first term at Oxford, Robert and Kathleen got engaged.
    • After graduating form Oxford, Kathleen learned touch typing and covered her sister's secretarial job while she had her first child.

  39. Gregory David biography
    • In 1691, the year after Presbyterianism was established as the official state religion in Scotland, Gregory resigned the mathematical chair at the University of Edinburgh and assumed the Savilian Professorship of Astronomy at Oxford.
    • Primarily under the influence of Gregory and Pitcairne's Scottish disciples and colleagues at Oxford, Newtonian concepts were transmitted to High-Church Anglicans.
    • In 1691 Gregory, as indicated in the above quote, was elected Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford.
    • We mentioned above that Gregory did not have strong religious convictions so perhaps the views of one of his contemporaries that Flamsteed was the only man (quote from [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]):- .
    • His inaugural lecture at Oxford is reproduced in [Notes and Records Roy.
    • In 1692 Gregory was made a fellow of Balliol College and was awarded a degree from Oxford for a thesis on optics which he based on the lectures he had given in Edinburgh.
    • At Oxford he made quite a reputation for himself as a teacher [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  40. Aldrich biography
    • On 19 July 1662 Aldrich entered Christ Church, Oxford, see [Henry Aldrich of Christ Church, 1648-1710 (Oxford, 1960).',2)">2].
    • The Oxford Philosophical Society was founded in October 1683, and Aldrich was a founder member giving a lecture at the first meeting of the Society.
    • He sang in the Christ Church Cathedral choir and organised weekly music meetings associated with the choir but covered a much wider range of musical activities and styles [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • For three years, from 4 October 1692, Aldrich was vice-chancellor of Oxford University.
    • We mentioned above his interest in architecture and we should mention that he supervised the repair of St Mary's Church, Oxford, in 1675 and 1676.
    • Handley writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • He was probably the original architect of All Saints' Church, Oxford, constructed between 1701 and 1710, and was certainly the designer of the Peckwater quadrangle in Christ Church, begun in 1706 but not finished until 1714, after Aldrich's death.

  41. Spottiswoode biography
    • However [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • From Harrow, Spottiswoode was awarded a Lyon Scholarship to attend Balliol College, Oxford, which he entered in 1842.
    • [M]y interest in mathematics began at Oxford, and was due mainly to the energy and encouragement of my tutor Dr Temple (Bishop of Exeter).
    • While at Oxford he rowed for the university in the annual Oxford-Cambridge boat race in both 1845 and 1846.
    • Eliza was the eldest daughter of William Urquhart Arbuthnot, a member of the Council for India, and she had been born in Madras, India [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • We should also mention his election to the Academy of Sciences in Paris and the award of honorary degrees by the universities of Cambridge, Dublin, Edinburgh, and Oxford.

  42. Ockham biography
    • He was then sent to Oxford to study for a theological degree.
    • At Oxford Ockham lectured on the Book of Sentences of Peter Lombard.
    • It was required that every student working for a higher degree in theology would lecture and comment on the Book of Sentences which is what Ockham did at Oxford in 1317-1319.
    • Ockham's opinions aroused strong opposition and he was summoned by the Franciscan provincial chapter [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .
    • Rather surprisingly, the person who was to read Ockham's commentary on the Book of Sentences of Peter Lombard was John Lutterell who had been chancellor of Oxford University when Ockham studied there.
    • Perhaps Lutterell was the reason that Ockham was now being tested for he may have decided that Ockham's views were dangerous when he was a student at Oxford.
    • Courtenay sums up Ockham's influence on present day ideas as follows [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .

  43. James biography
    • From there he won an Open Scholarship to the University of Oxford where he studied mathematics at Queen's College in the topology school of Henry Whitehead.
    • After completing his education at Oxford, James went to the United States for the year 1954-55.
    • Returning to England, James was Tapp Research Fellow at Gonville and Caius College in Cambridge in 1956 before returning to the University of Oxford.
    • Back at Oxford in 1957, James was appointed Reader in Pure Mathematics, a post which he held until 1969.
    • James was elected a Fellow of New College Oxford in 1970 when he became Savilian Professor of Geometry and he continues to hold the fellowship.
    • Introduction to uniform spaces (1989) is again based on lectures given by James at the University of Oxford.
    • Among other honours he has received have been an honorary fellowship from St John's College Oxford in 1988, an honorary professorship from the University of Wales in 1989 and an honorary doctorate from the University of Aberdeen in 1993.

  44. Archytas biography
    • Heath writes in [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .
    • Given the above story and the conclusion that Archytas came after Socrates, it may seem strange to include him in works on pre-socratic philosophers as is done in [Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers (Oxford, 1971).',3)">3].
    • He also believed that the study of mathematics was important in other respects as a fragment of his writings that has been preserved shows (see [Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers (Oxford, 1971).',3)">3] or [Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1 (London-New York, 1998), 367-369.',6)">6]):- .
    • Another mechanical device was a rattle for children which was useful, in Aristotle's words (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]):- .
    • Simplicius, in his Physics, quotes Archytas's view that the universe is infinite (in Heath's translation [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]):- .
    • He wrote (see for example [Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers (Oxford, 1971).',3)">3] or [Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1 (London-New York, 1998), 367-369.',6)">6]):- .
    • The fragment appears in [Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers (Oxford, 1971).',3)">3] or [Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1 (London-New York, 1998), 367-369.',6)">6]:- .

  45. Euclid biography
    • Proclus, the last major Greek philosopher, who lived around 450 AD wrote (see [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1] or [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',9)">9] or many other sources):- .
    • For further discussion on dating Euclid, see for example [Ptolemaic Alexandria (3 vols.) (Oxford, 1972).',8)">8].
    • Another story told by Stobaeus [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',9)">9] is the following:- .
    • Heath says [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',9)">9]:- .
    • As Heath writes in [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',9)">9]:- .
    • It is a fascinating story how the Elements has survived from Euclid's time and this is told well by Fowler in [The mathematics of Plato\'s academy : a new reconstruction (Oxford, 1987).',7)">7].
    • Heath [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',9)">9] discusses many of the editions and describes the likely changes to the text over the years.

  46. Boyle biography
    • Charles had moved to Oxford while the parliament had formed a treaty with the Scots.
    • At this time Wilkins had just been appointed as Warden of Wadham College in Oxford and he was planning to run the Invisible College from there.
    • He strongly encouraged Boyle to join them in Oxford and invited him to live in the College.
    • Boyle decided to go to Oxford but preferred not to accept Wilkins' offer of accommodation, choosing instead to arrange his own rooms where he could carry out his scientific experiments.
    • At Oxford he joined a group of forward looking scientists, including John Wilkins, John Wallis who was the Savilian Professor of Geometry, Seth Ward who was the Savilian Professor of Astronomy, and Christopher Wren who would succeed Ward as Savilian Professor of Astronomy in 1661.
    • From 1654 Boyle lived in Oxford, although he never held any university post.
    • In 1668 Boyle left Oxford and went to live with his sister Lady Ranelagh in London.

  47. Stirling biography
    • The first definite information that we know is that he travelled to Oxford in the autumn of 1710 in order to matriculate there.
    • Indeed Stirling matriculated at Balliol College Oxford on 18 January 1711 as a Snell Exhibitioner.
    • Certainly Stirling could now not graduate from Oxford but he remained there for some time.
    • Mr Stirling of Balliol College Oxford had leave to be present.
    • The work was published in Oxford and Newton himself received a copy of the work which is dedicated to the Venetian ambassador Nicholas Tron.
    • There is a story told by Tweedie in [James Stirling : a Sketch of his Life and Works along with his Scientific Correspondence (Oxford, 1922).',5)">5] that Stirling learned the secrets of the glass industry while in Italy and had to flee for fear of his life since the glass-makers may have tried to assassinate him to prevent their secrets becoming known.
    • One non-mathematical contribution by Stirling is described in [Dictionary of National Biography LIV (London, 1898), 379-380.',8)">8] (see also [James Stirling : a Sketch of his Life and Works along with his Scientific Correspondence (Oxford, 1922).',5)">5]):- .

  48. Dixon Arthur biography
    • After leaving Kingswood School Arthur Dixon entered Worcester College, Oxford, where he studied mathematics, graduating in 1889.
    • Arthur Dixon won a prize fellowship to Merton College, Oxford, where he was appointed in 1891.
    • Merton College was one of the Oxford Colleges with a strong historical mathematical connection, since the first school of mathematics there was organised by Thomas Bradwardine in the middle of the 14th Century.
    • The climate of Oxford proved disastrous to Mrs Dixon's health and she was compelled to spend much of her married life outside Oxford, in Pau and elsewhere.
    • Dixon's fellowship allowed him to remain at Merton College until he was appointed to the Savilian chair of pure mathematics in Oxford in 1922.
    • He continued to hold the Savilian chair of pure mathematics at Oxford until he retired in 1945.

  49. Apollonius biography
    • In the preface to the second edition of Conics Apollonius addressed Eudemus (see [\'Apollonius Saxonicus\' : Die Restitution eines verlorenen Werkes des Apollonius von Perga durch Joachim Jungius, Woldeck Weland und Johannes Muller (Gottingen, 1988).',4)">4] or [Apollonius of Perga: Treatise on Conic Sections (Oxford, 1961).',7)">7]):- .
    • Apollonius explains in his preface how he came to write his famous work Conics (see [\'Apollonius Saxonicus\' : Die Restitution eines verlorenen Werkes des Apollonius von Perga durch Joachim Jungius, Woldeck Weland und Johannes Muller (Gottingen, 1988).',4)">4] or [Apollonius of Perga: Treatise on Conic Sections (Oxford, 1961).',7)">7]):- .
    • Apollonius writes (see [\'Apollonius Saxonicus\' : Die Restitution eines verlorenen Werkes des Apollonius von Perga durch Joachim Jungius, Woldeck Weland und Johannes Muller (Gottingen, 1988).',4)">4] or [Apollonius of Perga: Treatise on Conic Sections (Oxford, 1961).',7)">7]):- .
    • Apollonius writes of book three (see [\'Apollonius Saxonicus\' : Die Restitution eines verlorenen Werkes des Apollonius von Perga durch Joachim Jungius, Woldeck Weland und Johannes Muller (Gottingen, 1988).',4)">4] or [Apollonius of Perga: Treatise on Conic Sections (Oxford, 1961).',7)">7]):- .
    • Heath writes that book five [Apollonius of Perga: Treatise on Conic Sections (Oxford, 1961).',7)">7]:- .
    • The beauty of Apollonius's Conics can readily be seen by reading the propositions as given by Heath, see [\'Apollonius Saxonicus\' : Die Restitution eines verlorenen Werkes des Apollonius von Perga durch Joachim Jungius, Woldeck Weland und Johannes Muller (Gottingen, 1988).',4)">4] or [Apollonius of Perga: Treatise on Conic Sections (Oxford, 1961).',7)">7].
    • However, Heath explains in [Apollonius of Perga: Treatise on Conic Sections (Oxford, 1961).',7)">7] how difficult the original text is to read:- .

  50. Coutts biography
    • Died: 16 Dec 1946 in Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford .
    • We regret to record the death on December 16, 1946, at the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, following an operation, of Professor W B Coutts, who served on the Staff of the Military College of Science from 1919 to the date of his death.

  51. Veblen biography
    • In the academic year 1928-29 he taught at Oxford as part of an exchange with G H Hardy.
    • Zund writes that this experience [American National Biography 22 (Oxford, 1999), 307-308.',14)">14]:- .
    • For example he was a member of the London Mathematical Society, serving on the council in 1928 when he was replacing Hardy at Oxford.
    • Oxford further honoured him with an honorary D.Sc.
    • In addition to an honorary degree from Oxford, he received similar honours from the universities of Edinburgh, Glasgow, Hamburg, and Oslo.
    • As to his personal characteristics he was [American National Biography 22 (Oxford, 1999), 307-308.',14)">14]:- .

  52. Kingman biography
    • Kingman debated whether to follow Lindley to Manchester but decided to follow Lindley's advice and go to Oxford to undertake research under David Kendall.
    • This he did but after Kingman had spent one year at Oxford, David Kendall moved to Cambridge where he was appointed Professor of Mathematical Statistics.
    • Kingman was appointed as professor of mathematics at the University of Oxford in 1969 and he held this post until 1985.
    • Statistics in Oxford in 1969 was frankly a mess.
    • While at Oxford he became a fellow of St Anne's College, holding this position from 1978 until 1985.
    • During his time at Oxford, Kingman held several visiting appointments, in particular at the University of Western Australia in 1974 and the Australian National University in 1978.

  53. Ferrers biography
    • Venn writes that [The Dictionary of National Biography Second Supplement Vol.2 (January 1901-December 1911) (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1913).',2)">2]:- .
    • Anita McConnell, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • Venn describes Ferrers' mathematical contributions in [The Dictionary of National Biography Second Supplement Vol.2 (January 1901-December 1911) (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1913).',2)">2]:- .

  54. Tunstall biography
    • Cuthbert was educated at Balliol College, Oxford, which he entered in 1491, but it is recorded that left because of the plague.
    • If this is correct then he must have left in 1493 since certainly the plague struck Oxford in that year.
    • The fact that there are three missing years here must leave some doubt about the veracity of the story that he left Oxford at the time of plague.
    • Although the length of Cuthbert's time in Oxford is in some doubt, there is no doubt in the fact that he left both Oxford and Cambridge without taking a degree.
    • In [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3] Newcombe sums up as follows:- .

  55. Schrodinger biography
    • Alexander Lindemann, the head of physics at Oxford University, visited Germany in the spring of 1933 to try to arrange positions in England for some young Jewish scientists from Germany.
    • On 4 November 1933 Schrodinger, his wife and Hilde March arrived in Oxford.
    • Soon after they arrived in Oxford, Schrodinger heard that, for his work on wave mechanics, he had been awarded the Nobel prize.
    • On his return to Oxford he negotiated about salary and pension conditions at Princeton but in the end he did not accept.
    • The fact that Schrodinger openly had two wives, even if one of them was married to another man, did not go down too well in Oxford either, but his daughter Ruth Georgie Erica was born there on 30 May 1934.
    • From Rome, Schrodinger went back to Oxford, and there he received an offer of a one year visiting professorship at the University of Gent.

  56. Wrinch biography
    • In 1922 she married John William Nicholson who was the director of mathematics and physics at Balliol College, Oxford; they had one child, a daughter Pamela born in 1927.
    • After her marriage Wrinch moved to Oxford where she taught mathematics at different women's colleges.
    • In 1927 she was appointed as a lecturer at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford.
    • from London, she worked at Oxford for these degrees again, and was awarded her second M.Sc.
    • This was the first Oxford award of a D.Sc.
    • Carey sums up Wrinch's contribution in [American National Biography 24 (Oxford, 1999), 69-71.',3)">3]:- .

  57. Clarke Joan biography
    • Initially, Clarke was not exactly told what the job would entail, only that [Codebreakers: The inside story of Bletchley Park (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993).',1)">1]:- .
    • Clarke has written that she [Codebreakers: The inside story of Bletchley Park (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993).',1)">1]:- .
    • In 1986, following the death of her husband, Clarke moved to Headington, near Oxford, where she continued her numismatic research.
    • Joan Clarke died at her home in Headington, Oxford.

  58. Democritus biography
    • As Heath writes in [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',7)">7]:- .
    • As stated in the Oxford Classical Dictionary :- .
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',7)">7] writes:- .
    • There is another intriguing piece of information about Democritus which is given by Plutarch in his Common notions against the Stoics where he reports on a dilemma proposed by Democritus as reported by the Stoic Chrysippus (see [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',7)">7], [Sudhoffs Arch.
    • Firstly notice, as Heath points out in [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',7)">7], that Democritus has the idea of a solid being the sum of infinitely many parallel planes and he may have used this idea to find the volumes of the cone and pyramid as reported by Archimedes.
    • There is much discussion in [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',7)">7], [Isis 63 (217) (1972), 205-220.

  59. Levy Hyman biography
    • Yet Barnard in [Dictionary of National Biography 1971-1980 (Oxford-New York, 1986), 503-504.',2)">2] claims that although 7 March appears on his birth certificate this is incorrect and his actual date of birth was 28 February.
    • Escaping from Germany, he returned to England where he worked at the University of Oxford with A E H Love until 1916.
    • As Barnard writes in [Dictionary of National Biography 1971-1980 (Oxford-New York, 1986), 503-504.',2)">2]:- .
    • Among Levy's most important mathematical books was Aeronautics in Theory and Experiment (1918) which was [Dictionary of National Biography 1971-1980 (Oxford-New York, 1986), 503-504.',2)">2]:- .
    • He was a philosopher of science and also a political activist who [Dictionary of National Biography 1971-1980 (Oxford-New York, 1986), 503-504.',2)">2]:- .
    • He is described in [Dictionary of National Biography 1971-1980 (Oxford-New York, 1986), 503-504.',2)">2] as follows:- .

  60. Recorde biography
    • Robert was the second son of Thomas and Rose and, although the date is not definitely known, it is thought that he entered the University of Oxford in about 1525.
    • in 1531 and was elected a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford in that year.
    • Certainly we know that he studied medicine at Oxford and was a highly educated man.
    • It is likely that following his election to a fellowship in 1531 Recorde taught at Oxford for a few years but there are no records to prove this.
    • There is a record at Cambridge which states that Recorde received a license in medicine in Oxford twelve years earlier and this almost certainly means that Recorde received the degree of B.M.
    • from Oxford although again no record of this has been found.

  61. Eudoxus biography
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3] writes of Eudoxus as a student in Athens:- .
    • The definition states (in Heath's translation [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]):- .
    • This appears as Euclid's Elements Book V Definition 5 which is, in Heath's translation [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3] writes that Eudoxus's definition of equal ratios:- .
    • Heath, however, doubts Tannery's suggestions [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .
    • As Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .

  62. Warner biography
    • In 1951 Mary Davies entered the University of Oxford to read mathematics.
    • Despite this her research potential had been clear and she was awarded a research scholarship to enable her to undertake doctoral work at Oxford.
    • Her supervisor was Henry Whitehead who had been appointed to the Waynflete Chair of Pure Mathematics at Oxford some six years earlier.
    • She published her first research paper A note on Borsuk's antipodal point theorem in the Oxford Quarterly Journal of Mathematics in 1956.
    • She had become friendly with a history student at Oxford, Gerald Warner, who graduated in 1954 and joined the Diplomatic Service in the Intelligence Branch.
    • A successful defence of the thesis, which was examined by Borsuk and Kuratowski, saw Warner complete, fifteen years after she became a research student at Oxford, the task she had set out on.

  63. Atiyah biography
    • He remained at Cambridge until 1961 when he moved to a readership at the University of Oxford where he became a Fellow of St Catherine's College.
    • Atiyah was soon to fill the highly prestigious Savilian Chair of Geometry at Oxford from 1963, holding this chair until 1969 when he was appointed professor of mathematics at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
    • After three years in Princeton, Atiyah returned to England, becoming a Royal Society Research Professor at Oxford.
    • He was also elected a Fellow of St Catherine's College, Oxford.
    • Oxford was to remain Atiyah's base until 1990 when he became Master of Trinity College, Cambridge and Director of the newly opened Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences in Cambridge.

  64. Thales biography
    • Plutarch, writing of these Seven Sages, says that (see [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',8)">8]):- .
    • Diogenes Laertius writing in the second century AD quotes Hieronymus, a pupil of Aristotle [Lives of eminent philosophers (New York, 1925).',6)">6] (or see [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',8)">8]):- .
    • A similar statement is made by Pliny (see [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',8)">8]):- .
    • Proclus writes (see [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',8)">8]):- .
    • Heath in [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',8)">8] gives three different methods which Thales might have used to calculate the distance to a ship at sea.

  65. Arbuthnot biography
    • In 1690, because of the unrest in Scotland, David Gregory left Edinburgh and went to Oxford and Arbuthnot may have spent time in Oxford.
    • They went together to Oxford where once more Arbuthnot was with his friend David Gregory.
    • At Oxford Arbuthnot studied medicine privately during 1694-96, then took a medical degree at the University of St Andrews defending his theses on the day that he enrolled on 11 September 1696.
    • Arbuthnot published five best selling John Bull pamphlets [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .

  66. Coolidge biography
    • He then went to England to attend Balliol College, Oxford, and he graduated with a B.Sc.
    • It is interesting that this degree from Oxford was in natural science and it was the first natural science degree ever awarded by Oxford.
    • After studying at Oxford, Coolidge returned to the United States where he taught at Groton school in Connecticut from 1897 to 1899.
    • An Introduction to Mathematical Probability is [American National Biography 4 (Oxford, 1999), 424-425.',4)">4]:- .

  67. Leibniz biography
    • Boineburg was a Catholic while Leibniz was a Lutheran but Leibniz had as one of his lifelong aims the reunification of the Christian Churches and [Leibniz (Oxford, 1984).',30)">30]:- .
    • As Ross explains in [Leibniz (Oxford, 1984).',30)">30]:- .
    • His duties at Hanover [Leibniz (Oxford, 1984).',30)">30]:- .
    • Ross writes in [Leibniz (Oxford, 1984).',30)">30]:- .
    • Ross, in [Leibniz (Oxford, 1984).',30)">30], points out that Leibniz's legacy may have not been quite what he had hoped for:- .

  68. Gunter biography
    • Edmund attended Westminster School, then entered Christ Church, Oxford on 25 January 1600.
    • He graduated in 1603 but he remained at Oxford until 1615 when he received the divinity degree of BD.
    • Gunter was ordained and in 1615 became Rector of St George's Church in Southwark and of St Mary Magdalen, Oxford.
    • Higton writes in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • His contributions are summed up in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2] as follows:- .

  69. Hardy biography
    • Deeply unhappy at Cambridge, Hardy took the opportunity to leave in 1919 when he was appointed as Savilian professor of geometry at Oxford.
    • This collaboration was achieved during a period when Littlewood was in Cambridge and Hardy was in Oxford, making joint research a quite difficult logistical exercise.
    • I was at my best at a little past forty, when I was a professor at Oxford.
    • He spent the academic year 1928-29 at Princeton in an exchange with Veblen, who spent the year in Oxford.
    • Snow in [G H Hardy, A Mathematician\'s Apology (Cambridge, 1967).',5)">5] says that Hardy returned to Cambridge for two reasons, firstly that he still considered Cambridge the centre of English mathematics and the Sadleirian chair the foremost mathematics chair in England, and secondly, that he could keep his rooms in College at Cambridge while this was not possible at Oxford.

  70. Hamilton William biography
    • She [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • In 1807, having been award a Snell exhibition, Hamilton matriculated in Balliol College, Oxford.
    • Others who appeared much less able received fellowships and his friends blamed his lack of success on the unpopularity of Scots at Oxford.
    • Ryan, however, suggests that in fact it may not have been racial discrimination but rather [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • This is discussed in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  71. Zeno of Elea biography
    • Zeno's book of forty paradoxes was, according to Plato [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',8)">8]:- .
    • For the dichotomy, Aristotle describes Zeno's argument (in Heath's translation [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',8)">8]):- .
    • Such a paradox is 'The Arrow' and again we give Aristotle's description of Zeno's argument (in Heath's translation [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',8)">8]):- .
    • As Heath says [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',8)">8]:- .
    • Heath however seems to detect a greater influence [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',8)">8]:- .

  72. Nash-Williams biography
    • Crispin's mother was a classics graduate of Oxford University.
    • His father joined the army and Crispin was sent as a boarder to Christ Church Cathedral School, Oxford.
    • The war was coming to an end in 1945 when Nash-Williams left Christ Church Cathedral School in Oxford and entered Rugby School.
    • He attended the third British Combinatorial Conference which was held in Oxford in 1972 and became part of a committee set up at that conference to make such conferences regular events.
    • Although there had been two earlier conferences on combinatorics in Britain, the hope that British Combinatorial Conferences might become a regular event probably began to take shape at the Oxford Conference in 1972, where a small informal committee was created to coordinate plans for future conferences including ones at Aberystwyth in 1973 and at Aberdeen in 1975.

  73. Kendall biography
    • David Kendall attended Ripon Grammar School and then entered Queen's College, Oxford.
    • In 1946 Kendall was elected a fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford and appointed a lecturer in mathematics.
    • He also became an Emeritus Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford in 1989.
    • He was also awarded the Weldon Memorial Prize and Medal for Biometric Science from Oxford University in 1974 and Princeton University awarded him their Wilks Prize in 1980.
    • An exceptional lecturer, Kendall has been the Larmor Lecturer at the Cambridge Philosophical Society in 1980, the Milne Lecturer at Wadham College, Oxford in 1983, the Hoteling Lecturer at the University of North Carolina in 1985, the Rietz Lecturer at the Institute of Mathematical Statistics in 1989 and the Kolmogorov Lecturer at the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability in 1990.

  74. Gellibrand biography
    • Henry Gellibrand senior was a fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, and Henry, the subject of this biography, was his eldest son.
    • He entered Trinity College, Oxford on 22 March 1616, in the year after his father died, and at Trinity he was introduced to mathematics by Savile.
    • He became a friend of Briggs while in Oxford.
    • from Oxford.
    • However he was involved in a religious controversy which led to a court case [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  75. Atkinson biography
    • He was elected to a Senior Foundation Scholarship in 1932 and, after sitting the Mathematical Scholarship Examinations at Queen's College, Oxford, in 1933 he was awarded an open scholarship and matriculated at the College in 1934.
    • He continued to study at Oxford working on his doctoral thesis advised by Titchmarsh.
    • After his war service came to an end he returned to Oxford where he taught for two years as a lecturer in Christ Church.
    • In 1948, shortly after he was reappointed for a further two years at Oxford, he was offered the chair of mathematics at University College, Ibadan, Nigeria.
    • Atkinson resigned his Oxford post and accepted the professorship in Ibadan.

  76. Adams biography
    • Hutchins writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .
    • Hutchins writes in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .
    • He did, however, accept honorary degrees from Oxford, Dublin, Edinburgh, and Bologna.
    • After the discovery of Neptune, Adams first met Le Verrier in Oxford in June 1847.
    • Adams' interests outside science are described by Hutchins [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .

  77. Eratosthenes biography
    • Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .
    • In particular he described there the history of the problem of duplicating the cube (see Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]):- .
    • Eratosthenes erected a column at Alexandria with an epigram inscribed on it relating to his own mechanical solution to the problem of doubling the cube [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4] argues that Eratosthenes used 24° and that 11/83 of 180° was a refinement due to Ptolemy.
    • However Rawlins [Isis 73 (1982), 259-265.',15)">15] believes that a continued fraction method was used to calculate the value 11/83 while Fowler [Isis 74 (274) (1983), 556-562.',9)">9] proposes that the anthyphairesis (or Euclidean algorithm) method was used (see also [The mathematics of Plato\'s academy : a new reconstruction (Oxford, 1987).',3)">3]).

  78. Donaldson biography
    • In 1980 Donaldson began postgraduate work at Worcester College, Oxford, first under Nigel Hitchen's supervision and later under Atiyah's supervision.
    • After being awarded his doctorate from Oxford in 1983, Donaldson was appointed a Junior Research Fellow at All Souls College, Oxford.
    • After returning to Oxford he was appointed Wallis Professor of Mathematics in 1985, before moving to Imperial College, London in 1999.
    • The article [Fields Medallists Lectures (Singapore, 1997), 384-403.',3)">3] is very interesting and provides both a collection of reminiscences by Donaldson on how he came to make his major discoveries while a graduate student at Oxford and also a survey of areas which he has worked on in recent years.

  79. Walker Arthur biography
    • Geoffrey Walker attended Watford Grammar School and from there, having won a mathematics scholarship in his final year, he entered Balliol College, Oxford.
    • He received a First Class degree from Oxford in 1931, having specialised in differential geometry for which he won a special distinction.
    • He remained at Merton College, supported by a Harmsworth scholarship during 1932-34 and he also held an Oxford University senior mathematics scholarship in 1933.
    • In his final years at Oxford he was greatly influenced by Milne.
    • Leaving Oxford, he then moved to Edinburgh to undertake research.

  80. Sylvester biography
    • Parshall writes [American National Biography 21 (Oxford, 1999), 226-228.',20)">20]:- .
    • Parshall writes [American National Biography 21 (Oxford, 1999), 226-228.',20)">20]:- .
    • When Smith died in 1883 Sylvester, although 68 years old at this time, was appointed to the Savilian chair of Geometry at Oxford.
    • However Sylvester only liked to lecture on his own research and this was not well liked at Oxford where students wanted only to do well in examinations.
    • In 1892, at the age of 78, Oxford appointed a deputy professor in his place and Sylvester, by this time partially blind and suffering from loss of memory, returned to London where he spent his last years at the Athenaeum Club.

  81. Hobbes biography
    • After leaving Robert Latimer's school, he entered Magdalen Hall, Oxford in 1603 where he continued to be supported financially by his uncle Francis.
    • At that time the teaching at Oxford was dominated by a study of Aristotle and Hobbes soon found that his opinions differed sharply from what was being taught [O L Dick (ed.), John Aubrey, Aubrey\'s Brief Lives (London, 1949), 147-59.',13)">13]:- .
    • Seth Ward, the Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford, wrote:- .
    • Hobbes responded to the attack by Wallis and others of De Corpore by publishing Six Lessons to the Professors of Mathematics in the University of Oxford in 1656.

  82. Heron biography
    • Columella, in a text written in about 62 AD [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',5)">5]:- .
    • Heron gives this in the following form (see for example [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',5)">5]):- .
    • His preface is interesting, partly because knowledge of the work of Archimedes does not seem to be as widely known as one might expect (see for example [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',5)">5]):- .
    • Finally Heath writes in [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',5)">5]:- .

  83. Von Neumann biography
    • Poundstone, in [Prisoner\'s dilemma (Oxford, 1993).',8)">8], writes:- .
    • By this time von Neumann had achieved celebrity status [Prisoner\'s dilemma (Oxford, 1993).',8)">8]:- .
    • Between 1930 and 1933 von Neumann taught at Princeton but this was not one of his strong points [Prisoner\'s dilemma (Oxford, 1993).',8)">8]:- .
    • He had always enjoyed parties [Prisoner\'s dilemma (Oxford, 1993).',8)">8]:- .

  84. Pappus biography
    • Heath in [A History of Greek Mathematics II (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4] is completely convinced saying that [A History of Greek Mathematics II (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .
    • Heath in [A History of Greek Mathematics II (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4] describes the Mathematical Collection as follows:- .
    • He concludes his discussion of honeycombs and introduces the aims of his work as follows (see for example [Selections illustrating the history of Greek mathematics II (London, 1941).',3)">3] or [A History of Greek Mathematics II (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]):- .

  85. Archimedes biography
    • Chasles said that Archimedes' work on integration (see [A history of Greek mathematics II (Oxford, 1931).',7)">7]):- .
    • We have used the chronological order suggested by Heath in [A history of Greek mathematics II (Oxford, 1931).',7)">7] in listing these works above, except for The Method which Heath has placed immediately before On the sphere and cylinder.
    • In the Method, Archimedes described the way in which he discovered many of his geometrical results (see [A history of Greek mathematics II (Oxford, 1931).',7)">7]):- .
    • Heath adds his opinion of the quality of Archimedes' work [A history of Greek mathematics II (Oxford, 1931).',7)">7]:- .

  86. Plato biography
    • This was an event of great importance since from the ideas Plato gained from the disciples of Pythagoras, he formed his idea [The philosophy of Plato (Oxford, 1956).',6)">6]:- .
    • Field writes in [The philosophy of Plato (Oxford, 1956).',6)">6] that Plato's life:- .
    • Firstly we should comment on what superb pieces of literature these dialogues are [The philosophy of Plato (Oxford, 1956).',6)">6]:- .
    • Another example from the Phaedo is given in [The philosophy of Plato (Oxford, 1956).',6)">6]:- .

  87. Wittgenstein biography
    • Hermine wrote an important article on Wittgenstein which is published in [Recollections of Wittgenstein (Oxford, 1984).',16)">16] and from which we give some quotes.
    • He did not understand his fellow pupils and to them he seemed [Recollections of Wittgenstein (Oxford, 1984).',16)">16]:- .
    • His letters to Hermine spoke of his mental torment (see [Recollections of Wittgenstein (Oxford, 1984).',16)">16]) and she wrote that during this time he lived:- .
    • He was keen to enlist since he wanted to face death [Recollections of Wittgenstein (Oxford, 1984).',16)">16]:- .

  88. Guinand biography
    • In 1934 Guinand won a Rhodes Scholarship to attend the University of Oxford in England.
    • This was the typical route for the top Australian academics at that time, and Guinand studied at Oxford for his doctorate under Titchmarsh's supervision.
    • When he was stationed 70 km from Oxford he would ride there on his bicycle to continue his mathematical research.
    • As a student of Titchmarsh in Oxford in the years immediately before the second world war it was natural that Guinand's research interests should be directed into the field of Fourier analysis and the Riemann zeta function.

  89. Wattie biography
    • After studying at Aberdeen, Wattie went to the University of Oxford.
    • at Oxford) in 1883.
    • at Oxford).
    • from Oxford, Wattie taught at George Watson's College, Edinburgh.

  90. Hippocrates biography
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921), 182-202.',6)">6] recounts two versions of this story:- .
    • See [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921), 182-202.',6)">6] both for the translation which we give and for a discussion of which parts are due to Eudemus:- .
    • Again following Heath's translation in [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921), 182-202.',6)">6]:- .
    • As Heath writes in [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921), 182-202.',6)">6]:- .

  91. Anaxagoras biography
    • Anaxagoras of Clazomenae was described by Proclus, the last major Greek philosopher, who lived around 450 AD as (see for example [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',4)">4]):- .
    • As Heath writes in [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',4)">4]:- .
    • The rotation [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',4)">4]:- .
    • The best that we can hope to learn of Anaxagoras's personality is from the story that when once asked what as the point of being born he replied [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',4)">4]:- .

  92. Feit biography
    • He then was moved to what was considered a safer area and there followed a number of moves before he finally was sent to a hostel in Oxford.
    • In 1943 he won a scholarship to an Oxford technical high school.
    • I have many vivid memories of Oxford since I spent the formative years of my life there.
    • In 1990 his 60th birthday was celebrated with an 'International Symposium on the Inverse Galois Problem' held in Oxford.

  93. Theodorus biography
    • Theodorus, in addition to his work in mathematics, was [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921), 203-204, 209-212.',5)">5]:- .
    • Theodorus is remembered by mathematicians for his contribution to the development of irrational numbers and it is this aspect of his work which Plato describes (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921), 203-204, 209-212.',5)">5]):- .
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921), 203-204, 209-212.',5)">5] illustrates the use of this result to show that √5 is irrational.
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921), 203-204, 209-212.',5)">5] gives a geometric version of this, starting with a right-angled triangle with sides 1, 2 and √5 which may be close to the method that Theodorus used.

  94. Hippias biography
    • Heath tells us something of this character when he writes in [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .
    • A rather nice story, which says more of the Spartans than it does of Hippias, is that it was reported that he received no payment for the lectures he gave in Sparta since [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3] writes:- .
    • Pappus reports that Sporus writes (see [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]):- .

  95. Hypsicles biography
    • Diophantus quotes a definition of polygonal number due to Hypsicles (see either [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1] or [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]):- .
    • He says (see [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1] or [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]):- .
    • Hypsicles considers two problems in this work [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:-.
    • Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .

  96. Wattie James biography
    • After studying at Aberdeen, Wattie went to the University of Oxford.
    • at Oxford) in 1883.
    • at Oxford).
    • from Oxford, Wattie taught at George Watson's College, Edinburgh.

  97. Cartwright biography
    • In October 1919 Cartwright entered St Hugh's College in Oxford to study mathematics.
    • Cartwright went on to be awarded a first class degree in Final Honours, and graduated from Oxford in 1923.
    • Cartwright then taught in schools for four years before returning to Oxford to read for her D.Phil.
    • Back to Oxford in 1928, she was supervised by Hardy in her doctoral studies.

  98. Thiele biography
    • As Lauritzen writes in [Thiele : pioneer in statistics (Oxford, 2002).',2)">2], Thiele:- .
    • In 1880 he published his first paper on least squares which is described in [Thiele : pioneer in statistics (Oxford, 2002).',2)">2] as follows:- .
    • Lauritzen writes in [Thiele : pioneer in statistics (Oxford, 2002).',2)">2]:- .
    • His ideas were not confined to mathematical aspects of his subjects, however, and we quote again from [Thiele : pioneer in statistics (Oxford, 2002).',2)">2]:- .

  99. Ehrenfest biography
    • Pais writes about Ehrenfest's lectures in the early 1920s [The genius of science (Oxford, 2000), 288-325.',10)">10]:- .
    • May 1931 Ehrenfest wrote to Bohr [Niels Bohr\'s Times: In Physics, Philosophy, and Polity (Oxford, 1991).',3)">3]:- .
    • His last letter (which was never sent) is a sad document (see for example [Niels Bohr\'s Times: In Physics, Philosophy, and Polity (Oxford, 1991).',3)">3]):- .

  100. Bochner biography
    • He was also able to travel to England on the Fellowship where he worked with Hardy in Oxford and Littlewood in Cambridge.
    • Zund [American National Biography 2 (Oxford, 1999), 89-90.',11)">11] summarises his major research contributions in Princeton:- .
    • Zund writes [American National Biography 2 (Oxford, 1999), 89-90.',11)">11]:- .

  101. Nicomedes biography
    • As indicated in this quote Pappus also wrote about Nicomedes, in particular he wrote about his solution to the problem of trisecting an angle (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]):- .
    • Pappus tells us (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]):- .
    • Eutocius tells us that Nicomedes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .

  102. Menaechmus biography
    • Menaechmus is mentioned by Proclus who tells us that he was a pupil of Eudoxus in the following quote (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]):- .
    • [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1], [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3] and [Greek Geometry from Thales to Euclid (Dublin-London, 1889), 153-179.',4)">4] all consider a problem associated with these solutions.
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3] writes:- .

  103. Proclus biography
    • Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .
    • This work is not coloured by his religious beliefs and Martin, writing in the middle of the 19th century, says (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]):- .
    • Heath, describing Proclus's Commentary on Euclid writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .

  104. Whewell biography
    • He described his social activities in 1815 as [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • In October 1817 he was elected to a fellowship at Trinity and wrote to his sisters saying that he had received [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • He served the British Association as vice-president at the Oxford meeting in 1832 and again at Dublin in 1835, he was the local secretary in 1833 when the Association met in Cambridge, then he was president at Plymouth in 1841.

  105. Chapman biography
    • In 1945, at the end of World War II, he returned to his chair in London but was now less happy than he had been, so, in 1946, he readily accepted the offer of the Sedleian Chair of Natural Philosophy at Oxford, also becoming a fellow of Queen's College at this time.
    • Science was considered of secondary importance in Oxford at the time, and he worked hard to convince non-scientists of its importance by teaching special lecture courses for non-scientists.
    • He resigned his position in Oxford in 1953 at age 65, rather than waiting to retire at age 70, and began to visit many places throughout the world.

  106. Rahn biography
    • John Aubrey explained in Brief lives that Pell had told him that [ Brief lives II (Oxford, 1898), 121-131.',3)">3]:- .
    • He wrote (but never sent) a letter which reads [A Discourse Concerning Algebra : English Algebra to 1685 (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002).',2)">2]:- .

  107. Barrow biography
    • His uncle was a Fellow of Peterhouse at the time and when his uncle lost his post due to his Royalist views, Barrow went to Oxford where his brother had become the King's Linen Draper.
    • However there was an uprising against Royalty and Oxford came under siege.
    • His friend supported him for six months before he left but, by this time, the siege of Oxford had ended and Barrow made contact with his father who helped support him.

  108. Ince biography
    • Cohn writes in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • His work led him to discover techniques for the numerical study of these functions [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • This [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  109. Ortega biography
    • For example in [Mathematics from manuscript to print, 1300--1600, Oxford, 1984 (Oxford Univ.
    • Press, Oxford, 1988), 30-55.',5)">5] Sesiano describes a similar algorithm for the approximation of surds written by an unknown author in Palmiers around 1430.

  110. Cowling biography
    • After working hard for the scholarship examination to Brasenose College, Oxford, he sat this in March 1924 and won a scholarship which was augmented by Essex County and the UK Education Department (on the expectation that he would become a school teacher).
    • He had approached Milne while in the middle of his diploma year, knowing he would arrive to take up his duties at Oxford in January 1929, asking if he would supervise his research.
    • He was awarded the Johnson Memorial Prize by Oxford University in 1935 for original work in astronomy.

  111. More Henry biography
    • There he writes that he was brought up (see [The Life of the Learned and Pious Dr Henry More (Cambridge, 1710).',7)">7] or [Henry More : Magic, religion and Experiment (Oxford, 1990).',2)">2]):- .
    • He wrote of his experiences as an undergraduate (see [The Life of the Learned and Pious Dr Henry More (Cambridge, 1710).',7)">7] or [Henry More : Magic, religion and Experiment (Oxford, 1990).',2)">2]):- .
    • He wrote (see [The Life of the Learned and Pious Dr Henry More (Cambridge, 1710).',7)">7] or [Henry More : Magic, religion and Experiment (Oxford, 1990).',2)">2]):- .

  112. Wiles biography
    • Andrew Wiles' father, Maurice Frank Wiles (1923-2005), was the Regius Professor of Divinity at the University of Oxford.
    • In 1971, Wiles entered Merton College, Oxford, graduating with a B.A.
    • In 1988 Wiles went to Oxford University where he spent two years as a Royal Society Research Professor.
    • While in Oxford he was elected, in 1989, a Fellow of the Royal Society.

  113. Blackburn biography
    • The two were soon close friends [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • It was a wonderful spot in which the Blackburns would spend most summers [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • However he seems to have been unable to control the large classes of students who flocked to his lectures [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  114. Talbot biography
    • Henry met the astronomer William Herschel when he was eight years old, in the same year as he entered Rottingdean boarding school [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • Things went badly for him over his photographic patents for when he tried to use them to prevent others using similar methods, the court ruled in 1854 that he was [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • Schaaf writes in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  115. Williams biography
    • However, he did take some mathematics courses and when he was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to study at the University of Oxford he decided that he would take a mathematics degree.
    • The tutorial system at Oxford suited Williams.
    • He later compared his Oxford education with the education in American universities at the time:- .

  116. Geminus biography
    • It may be surprising that Geminus's name seems to be Latin rather than Greek but as Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .
    • Geminus tells us that Pythagoras applied it to [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .
    • Proclus quotes from Geminus (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]), saying that in the case of the parallel postulate:- .

  117. Molyneux William biography
    • One of their first projects, proposed by Molyneux, was to collaborate with societies in London and Oxford to observe the solar eclipse of July 1684.
    • However, he argued strongly for equal rights for Ireland, that its parliament was equal to the British parliament and Ireland must not be bound by English acts of parliament [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, (Oxford University Press, 2004).',5)">5]:- .

  118. Barkla biography
    • Falconer writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .
    • Falconer writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .
    • As to Barkla's character we quote from [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3] (see also [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1]):- .

  119. Weaver biography
    • Reingold writes [American National Biography 22 (Oxford, 1999), 838-841.',3)">3]:- .
    • It [American National Biography 22 (Oxford, 1999), 838-841.',3)">3]:- .
    • Other works such as A great age for science rapidly became dated as [American National Biography 22 (Oxford, 1999), 838-841.',3)">3]:- .

  120. Burkill biography
    • After Hitler came to power in Germany in 1933 there were many refugees who came to England and the Burkills did amazing work supporting refugee children [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • Burkill was appointed to succeed Butterfield as Master and he served from 1968 until 1973 [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • His character is described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1] as follows:- .

  121. Bryant biography
    • These governesses were either French or German, and Sophie soon became fluent in both languages [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • Fletcher writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • Bryant's biography written by Sheila Fletcher for the Dictionary of National Biography (originally in 1993 and revised for the new edition of 2004) emphasizes her love of freedom [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  122. Babbage biography
    • There was little evidence to prove which was right until Hyman (see [Charles Babbage : pioneer of the computer (Oxford, 1982).',8)">8]) in 1975 found that Babbage's birth had been registered in St Mary's Newington, London on 6 January 1792.
    • Given the place that his birth was registered Hyman says in [Charles Babbage : pioneer of the computer (Oxford, 1982).',8)">8] that it is almost certain that Babbage was born in the family home of 44 Crosby Row, Walworth Road, London.
    • On leaving the academy, he continued to study at home, having an Oxford tutor to bring him up to university level.

  123. Anstice biography
    • The second son of the family, Joseph, attended Westminster School and then studied at Christ Church, Oxford before becoming professor of Classical Literature at King's College London when he was only 22 years old.
    • He took the same educational route as his older brother Joseph, attending Westminster School before entering Christ Church, Oxford in 1831.
    • We know that Anstice was awarded a scholarship to study mathematics after graduating at Oxford but there is then a rather strange gap in our knowledge of him for nothing is known of what he did over the following ten years.

  124. Oenopides biography
    • However, in contrast to these claims, Heath writes [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2]:- .
    • Heath writes [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2]:- .
    • He writes [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2]:- .

  125. Adams Frank biography
    • James writes in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • This happened during the year 1954 which Adams spent as a junior lecturer at the University of Oxford.
    • In [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1] James describes his attitude to research students and to research:- .

  126. Potts biography
    • After a brief stint as a junior lecturer at Adelaide, he went to Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar in 1948.
    • from Oxford in 1951 with a dissertation on Ising models under the supervision of Cyril Domb.
    • He married his wife Barbara Kidman (a computer scientist) in Oxford on 1 July 1950.

  127. Bruno Giordano biography
    • Oxford seemed a place of learning that looked attractive to Bruno who visited there in the summer of 1583 and gave a series of lecturers on Copernicus's theory that the Earth rotated round the fixed Sun.
    • It was probably Bruno's attitude rather than his scientific beliefs which were found unacceptable by the scholars of Oxford University and Bruno had little option but to return to London.
    • However, one undergraduate student who attended his lectures in Oxford was Francis Godwin, who, as a consequence, wrote the first story of space travel in English literature The Man in the Moone.

  128. Anthemius biography
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2] gives one of his problems which leads to the ellipse construction:- .
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2] gives Anthemius's solution:- .
    • Anthemius studied the focal properties of the parabola and proves that [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .

  129. Brouncker biography
    • About the first we know for certain of Brouncker is that he entered Oxford University when he was sixteen years old and there he studied mathematics, languages and medicine.
    • It is doubtful whether Brouncker learned more than arithmetic at Oxford, for Wallis, giving the status of mathematics at this time, wrote:- .
    • He received the degree of Doctor of Medicine from Oxford University on 23 February 1647 (in fact February at this time was 1646 since the new year began in April but we will give 1647 which is consistent with our present calendar).

  130. Conway Arthur biography
    • Conway then entered Corpus Christi College, Oxford, winning a scholarship in mathematics in 1898.
    • At Oxford he worked under A E H Love who exerted a strong influence on the direction of Conway's research.
    • He also received a Senior Fellowship from the Royal University of Ireland and, in 1902, a Senior University Scholarship in Mathematics from Corpus Christi Oxford.

  131. Bohr Niels biography
    • Pais writes in [Niels Bohr\'s Times: In Physics, Philosophy, and Polity (Oxford, 1991).',13)">13]:- .
    • Others, such as Pais in [Niels Bohr\'s Times: In Physics, Philosophy, and Polity (Oxford, 1991).',13)">13], give convincing arguments to show that Bohr was not knowingly influenced by Hoffding's philosophy.
    • President Kennedy wrote (see for example [The genius of science (Oxford, 2000), 6-29.',53)">53]):- .

  132. Pauli biography
    • In [The genius of science (Oxford, 2000), 210-262.',21)">21] Pais quotes from Heisenberg's description of Pauli's way of life at this time:- .
    • His genius was immediately recognised by Einstein who, after reading Pauli's monograph on relativity, wrote a review [The genius of science (Oxford, 2000), 210-262.',21)">21]:- .
    • He wrote later in his life in a letter to Pais (see for example [The genius of science (Oxford, 2000), 210-262.',21)">21]):- .

  133. Ampere biography
    • Hofman writes in [Andre Marie Ampere (Oxford, 1995).',4)">4] regarding his feelings following his wife's death:- .
    • Ampere was assisted over the next few years in his work by Felix Savary whose help in getting Ampere to write up his results was invaluable [Andre Marie Ampere (Oxford, 1995).',4)">4]:- .
    • Hofmann in [Andre Marie Ampere (Oxford, 1995).',4)">4] writes:- .

  134. Pell biography
    • He is described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2] as follows:- .
    • Aubrey writes [Brief lives II (Oxford, 1898), 121-131.',3)">3]:- .
    • After this Pell lived [Brief lives II (Oxford, 1898), 121-131.',3)">3]:- .

  135. Theaetetus biography
    • In Heath's translation, see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3], (we repeat in a slightly different form part of the above quotation by Pappus) the theory of irrationals:- .
    • ., √17 were irrational (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]):- .
    • A comment (thought to be due to Geminus) states [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .

  136. Antiphon biography
    • Aristotle writes in his Physics (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]):- .
    • He wrote (translation by Heath given in [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]):- .
    • However, according to Heath, this was not what Antiphon claimed [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .

  137. Aristarchus biography
    • For example Heath begins Volume II of his history of Greek mathematics with the words [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',5)">5]:- .
    • The ancient Copernicus : Reprint of the 1913 original (New York, 1981).',4)">4], or [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',5)">5]):- .
    • The ancient Copernicus : Reprint of the 1913 original (New York, 1981).',4)">4], or [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',5)">5], or see [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1] for a shorter quote):- .

  138. Quine biography
    • During 1953-54 Quine was Eastman Visiting Professor at Oxford and during that time he published a book From a Logical Point of View which was a collection of his earlier articles.
    • The University of Lille, Oxford University, Cambridge University, Uppsala University, the University of Bern, and Harvard University were among the eighteen universities awarding him an honorary degree.

  139. Larmor biography
    • He was honoured by various universities who awarded him honorary degrees: Dublin, Oxford, Belfast, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Birmingham, St Andrews, Durham and Cambridge.
    • In [Dictionary of National Biography 1941-1950 (Oxford, 1959), 480-483.',9)">9] a nice story is told of his involvement in College affairs:- .

  140. Pythagoras biography
    • Proclus, the last major Greek philosopher, who lived around 450 AD wrote (see [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',7)">7]):- .
    • Heath [A history of Greek mathematics 1 (Oxford, 1931).',7)">7] gives a list of theorems attributed to Pythagoras, or rather more generally to the Pythagoreans.

  141. De L'Hopital biography
    • Julian Coolidge writes [The Mathematics of Great Amateurs (Oxford University Press, 1990).',3)">3]:- .
    • Let us end by giving Coolidge's assessment of L'Hopital [The Mathematics of Great Amateurs (Oxford University Press, 1990).',3)">3]:- .

  142. Abbott biography
    • Before looking at some of the books which he published, we should first say a little about his fine qualities as a teacher and as a headmaster which saw the already excellent City of London School reach even higher standards during his years in charge [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • Abbott is described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1] as follows:- .

  143. MacMahon biography
    • In fact he had suffered a great disappointment in the previous year when he was a candidate for the Savilian Chair of Geometry at Oxford.
    • Esson had no record of mathematical research and even his interests in reforming the teaching of mathematics at Oxford seemed to vanish after his appointment as Savilian professor.

  144. Chrysippus biography
    • Aristotle, in Metaphysics writes (see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',5)">5]):- .
    • However Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',5)">5] does not believe, as Chrysippus does, that Democritus regards mathematical lines as having an atomic structure.

  145. Conon biography
    • Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .
    • Heath writes in [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4] that Conon was :- .

  146. Ritt biography
    • In the following year he married Estelle Fine [American National Biography 18 (Oxford, 1999), 550-551.',1)">1]:- .
    • Dauben writes in [American National Biography 18 (Oxford, 1999), 550-551.',1)">1]:- .

  147. Bradwardine biography
    • These are merely guesses based on the first definite date we know for Bradwardine and that is August 1321 when he became a Fellow of Merton College, Oxford.
    • It is during this period at Oxford that almost all of his works on logic, mathematics, and philosophy were written.

  148. Leslie biography
    • The story of this controversy is told in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2] and it is an interesting one since it revolves round whether the Church could control the scientific views taught in the universities:- .
    • Leslie is described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2] in colourful terms:- .

  149. Praeger biography
    • After completing her undergraduate course Praeger was offered a scholarship to undertake research at the Australian National University but she was also offered a Commonwealth Scholarship to study at the University of Oxford in England.
    • At Oxford, Praeger was in St Anne's College and assigned Peter Neumann (son of Bernhard Neumann and Hanna Neumann) as a supervisor for her research.

  150. McClintock biography
    • When McClintock's term ended he gave the first presidential address to the Society on The past and future of the Society [American National Biography 14 (Oxford, 1999), 876-877.',7)">7]:- .
    • Among the honours which McClintock received, many were for his mathematical work on the Calculus of Enlargement [American National Biography 14 (Oxford, 1999), 876-877.',7)">7]:- .

  151. Aitken biography
    • He wrote of them in [Gallipoli to the Somme: Recollections of a New Zealand infantryman (Oxford, 1963).',2)">2] near the end of his life.
    • The book [Gallipoli to the Somme: Recollections of a New Zealand infantryman (Oxford, 1963).',2)">2], which he wrote to try to put the memories of the Somme behind him, may not have had the desired effect but the book led to Aitken being elected to the Royal Society of Literature in 1964.

  152. Nicomachus biography
    • Heath tries to explain the apparent contradiction in [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4], suggesting that:- .
    • However Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .

  153. Goldbach biography
    • Goldbach met him and also de Moivre in London, and he met Nicolaus (I) Bernoulli again in Oxford.
    • When Bernoulli started to discuss infinite series with Goldbach as they talked in Oxford, Goldbach confessed that he knew nothing about the topic.

  154. Grosseteste biography
    • Robert Grosseteste was educated at Oxford University.
    • He became Chancellor of Oxford University in 1215 remaining in this post until about 1221.

  155. Wigner biography
    • Pais points out in [The genius of science (Oxford, 2000), 330-351.',16)">16] however, that this statement by Wigner is not strictly accurate and he was not dismissed.
    • As Pais writes in [The genius of science (Oxford, 2000), 330-351.',16)">16]:- .

  156. Hypatia biography
    • Hypatia, Heath writes, [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .
    • Heath writes of Theon and Hypatia's edition of the Elements [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .

  157. Eutocius biography
    • Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .
    • Heath lists some of these important pieces of information [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .

  158. Thomson James biography
    • In that year Thomson witnessed the battle of Ballynahinch where the United Irishmen were defeated [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • He was an important figure in the development of Glasgow University [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  159. Dee biography
    • He also declined a lectureship in mathematics at Oxford three years later.
    • He might have solved his financial problems by accepting a mathematics post at the University of Oxford which he was offered in 1554, but his views on the lack of scholarship in the English universities led him to turn the offer down.

  160. Gray Andrew biography
    • Whitehead writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • Whitehead writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  161. D'Alembert biography
    • She had been a nun but had received a papal dispensation in 1714 which allowed her to begin [Jean d\'Alembert, 1717-83 (Oxford, 1963).',4)">4]:- .
    • This is described in [Jean d\'Alembert, 1717-83 (Oxford, 1963).',4)">4] as follows:- .

  162. Thomson biography
    • At the 1847 meeting of the British Association in Oxford, I learned from Joule the dynamical theory of heat, and was forced to abandon at once many, and gradually from year to year all other, statical preconceptions regarding the ultimate causes of apparently statical phenomena.
    • The author of the biography of Thomson [Some nineteenth century British scientists (Oxford, 1969), 96-153.',24)">24], puts forward the view that during the first half of Thomson's career he seemed incapable of being wrong while during the second half of his career he seemed incapable of being right.

  163. Rittenhouse biography
    • Bedini writes in [American National Biography 18 (Oxford, 1999), 553-555.',2)">2]:- .
    • Bedini writes [American National Biography 18 (Oxford, 1999), 553-555.',2)">2]:- .

  164. La Faille biography
    • After returning to Madrid after he three years of absence he wrote to a friend [Songs of Mortals, Dialogues of the Gods: Music and Theatre in Seventeenth-century Spain (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993), ',4)">4]:- .

  165. Posidonius biography
    • Posidonius made some minor contributions to pure mathematics where he is [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2]:- .
    • The work is in two volumes and as Heath comments [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2]:- .

  166. De Forest biography
    • De Forest became deeply involved in improving mortality tables, publishing over 20 papers on the topic between 1870 and 1885 [American National Biography 6 (Oxford, 1999), 337-339.',4)">4]:- .
    • 6 (2) (1978), 239-265.',6)">6] and also in [American National Biography 6 (Oxford, 1999), 337-339.',4)">4].

  167. Stewart biography
    • However he [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • We should also note that his fame was considerable and [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  168. Aristaeus biography
    • Heath makes a guess at the possible contents of the Solid Loci and writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .
    • Hypsicles tells us that, in this work, Aristaeus proved that [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .

  169. Milne biography
    • In 1928 he accepted the Rouse Ball Chair at Oxford, becoming the first holder when he took up the appointment in January 1929.
    • From around the time that Milne took up the Rouse Ball Chair at Oxford, he moved on to another research topic, this time studying the structure of stars.

  170. Rankine biography
    • His [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • As to his interests outside his professional studies, he was [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  171. Taussky-Todd biography
    • They spent some time in Belfast with Jack's mother and some time in Oxford where Taussky-Todd's College had moved to avoid the London air raids.
    • While teaching near Oxford she supervised Hanna Neumann's D.Phil.

  172. Mason biography
    • It was a year in which he was able to put his many talents other than mathematics to good use for he [American National Biography 14 (Oxford, 1999), 658-659.',3)">3]:- .
    • Hunter writes in [American National Biography 14 (Oxford, 1999), 658-659.',3)">3]:- .

  173. Alexander Hugh biography
    • Hardy described Alexander as [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • In [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1] he is described as follows:- .

  174. Moore Eliakim biography
    • Parshall writes in [American National Biography 15 (Oxford, 1999), 748-749.',13)">13]:- .
    • Parshall in [American National Biography 15 (Oxford, 1999), 748-749.',13)">13] writes in a similar vein:- .

  175. Gompertz biography
    • His expertise on life tables was recognised at the highest level [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • The quality of Gompertz's contributions is rightly praised by Miller in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  176. Bosanquet biography
    • Stephen Bosanquet was educated at Balliol College, Oxford, and his doctorate, which was supervised by Hardy, was awarded in 1929.
    • from Oxford, he was awarded a D.Sc.

  177. Simson biography
    • 1712), Savilian Professor of Geometry at Oxford, William Jones, and finally Humphrey Ditton (1675-1715), Mathematical Master at Christ's Hospital, with whom Simson was particularly friendly.
    • after which he gave a satisfactory specimen of his skill in mathematicks and dexterity in teaching geometry and algebra, he also produced sufficient testimonials from Mr Caswell the Professor of astronomy at Oxford and from others in London well skilled in the mathematicks, upon all which the faculty resolve he shall be admitted the nineteenth day of this instant November.

  178. Koopmans biography
    • Three Essays on the State of Economic Science (1957) [American National Biography 12 (Oxford, 1999), 879-880.',9)">9]:- .
    • Matthews writes of Koopmans character and interests in [American National Biography 12 (Oxford, 1999), 879-880.',9)">9]:- .

  179. Glenie biography
    • The next involved a dispute with the Duke of Richmond described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • Glenie, sadly, suffered yet another major set-back [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  180. Alexander biography
    • Zund, in [American National Biography 1 (Oxford, 1999), 272-273.',4)">4] writes:- .
    • Alexander's character is also described in [American National Biography 1 (Oxford, 1999), 272-273.',4)">4], where he is said to have been:- .

  181. Miller biography
    • In [American National Biography 15 (Oxford, 1999), 487-488.',9)">9] the author criticises this aspect of Miller's work:- .
    • He explained his motives (see [American National Biography 15 (Oxford, 1999), 487-488.',9)">9]:- .

  182. Roberval biography
    • We don't know the answer to this question for certain, but one likely theory is that he wanted to keep his discoveries out of the public domain so that he could use the material in the three-yearly competitions for the Ramus Chair [Aspects of Hobbes (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002).',3)">3]:- .

  183. Zeeman biography
    • He also held a visiting fellowship at Oxford during 1985-86.
    • At this point he became Principal of Hertford College, Oxford, and Gresham professor of geometry at Gresham College London.

  184. Domninus biography
    • Heath [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2] writes of the Manual of Introductory Arithmetic :- .
    • He writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .

  185. Theon biography
    • Heath writes of Theon's edition of the Elements [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .
    • As to Theon's commentary on Ptolemy's Syntaxis Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .

  186. Dionysodorus biography
    • One papyrus states [A History of Greek Mathematics II (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .
    • It is a beautiful construction and in the description that follows we essentially follow the method described by Eutocius (see also [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1] and [A History of Greek Mathematics II (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]).

  187. Carlyle biography
    • With a strong recommendation from Leslie, he was appointed as a mathematics teacher at Annan Academy [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .
    • However she wrote to Carlyle, going against her mother's wishes in doing so [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',3)">3]:- .

  188. Diophantus biography
    • Heath writes in [A history of Greek mathematics 2 (Oxford, 1931).',4)">4] in 1920:- .
    • Among such results are [A history of Greek mathematics 2 (Oxford, 1931).',4)">4]:- .

  189. Carleman biography
    • As a Liljewalch scholar he visited the Technical University in Zurich during the period 1 June 1917 to 31 March 1918, and also Paris and Oxford in 1921.
    • Carleman had good relations with many mathematicians, visiting and giving lectures at, Zurich, Gottingen, Oxford, Sorbonne, Nancy and Paris.

  190. Cleomedes biography
    • Heath [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2] favours a date in the middle of the first century BC.
    • As Heath comments [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2]:- .

  191. Cajori biography
    • Zund writes in [American National Biography 4 (Oxford, 1999), 190-191.',8)">8] that it:- .
    • However [American National Biography 4 (Oxford, 1999), 190-191.',8)">8]:- .

  192. Einstein biography
    • During 1933 Einstein travelled in Europe visiting Oxford, Glasgow, Brussels and Zurich.
    • He received offers from Jerusalem, Leiden, Oxford, Madrid and Paris.

  193. Adrain biography
    • As Hogan writes in [American National Biography 1 (Oxford, 1999), 171-172.',5)">5] (see also [HHistoria Math.
    • To understand why one of the finest mathematicians in the United States should have discipline problems in his classes we quote again from [American National Biography 1 (Oxford, 1999), 171-172.',5)">5] (Struik in [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1] gives essentially the same comments):- .

  194. Halsted biography
    • However, despite being somewhat eccentric, yet he was an inspiring professor [American National Biography 9 (Oxford, 1999), 893-894.',6)">6]:- .
    • Again Halsted was not prepared to turn a blind eye to things he thought were wrong and again he was very outspoken, What did he find to attack this time? Well this time his charge was certainly a serious one for he stated very publicly that the college was being mismanaged [American National Biography 9 (Oxford, 1999), 893-894.',6)">6]:- .

  195. Craig biography
    • Dale writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • Stigler examines this work in detail in [Journal of the American Statistical Association 81 (1986), 879-887.',6)">6] claiming that this is an "underappreciated book" containing [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  196. Fourier biography
    • The Man and the Physicist (Oxford, 1975).',4)">4]:- .
    • The Man and the Physicist (Oxford, 1975).',4)">4]:- .

  197. Weldon biography
    • Weldon was appointed to a chair in Oxford in 1900 and he held this post until his death in 1906.
    • He was buried at Holywell in Oxford.

  198. Atwood biography
    • He published details of his lecture course with descriptions of his demonstrations in 1776 [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • For example [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  199. Young biography
    • Burkill wrote in [Dictionary of National Biography 1941-1950 (Oxford, 1959), 984-985.
    • Burkill paints this picture of Young in [Dictionary of National Biography 1941-1950 (Oxford, 1959), 984-985.

  200. Ruse biography
    • Harold Ruse was educated at Hastings Grammar School, Sussex, before matriculating at Jesus College, Oxford University.
    • at Oxford he was awarded the Bruce of Grangehill Research Scholarship by the University of Edinburgh.

  201. Brodetsky biography
    • This in fact made news in a rather disturbing way since [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .
    • His other contributions are described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  202. Rademacher biography
    • Berndt writes [American National Biography 18 (Oxford, 1999), 57-58.',7)">7]:- .
    • Berndt sums up Rademacher's contributions to mathematics [American National Biography 18 (Oxford, 1999), 57-58.',7)">7]:- .

  203. Dinostratus biography
    • Dinostratus is mentioned by Proclus who says (see for example [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1] or [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]):- .
    • Pappus tells us (see for example [Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).',1)">1] or [A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]):- .

  204. Simpson biography
    • He [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • From 1737 Simpson began to write texts on mathematics, publishing A New Treatise of Fluxions in that year [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  205. Johnson biography
    • Johnson held various temporary positions around Cambridge for the next 19 years [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • We noted above that he was a shy man with some health problems yet, as we mentioned above, he was an excellent teacher [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  206. Dickson biography
    • However Parshall writes [American National Biography 6 (Oxford, 1999), 578-579.',22)">22]:- .
    • As to Dickson's character he is described in [American National Biography 6 (Oxford, 1999), 578-579.',22)">22] as follows:- .

  207. Chatelet biography
    • Henault, after visiting Cirey, wrote about the life du Chatelet and Voltaire lived there (see for example [Voltaire (Oxford, 1969).',3)">3]):- .
    • Voltaire wrote to Mme Denis, who was his niece and had been his lover for some years prior to du Chatelet's death (see for example [Voltaire (Oxford, 1969).',3)">3]):- .

  208. Troughton biography
    • McConnell writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .
    • As to Troughton's character and interests some information is given in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  209. Chauvenet biography
    • Zund writes [American National Biography 4 (Oxford, 1999), 755-756.',3)">3]:- .
    • Zund writes [American National Biography 4 (Oxford, 1999), 755-756.',3)">3]:- .

  210. Copson biography
    • Educated at King Henry VIII School in Coventry, where he held an Entrance Scholarship, Copson then matriculated at St John's College, Oxford, in 1919 where he was greatly influenced by Love and Hardy.

  211. Clarke biography
    • At Cambridge he [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  212. Cole biography
    • Zund relates details in [American National Biography 5 (Oxford, 1999), 208-209.',6)">6]:- .

  213. Boone biography
    • Oslo, in 1956-57, visiting T Skolem, was followed in 1957-58 by Munster, Manchester and Oxford.
    • He spent the years 1972-73 and 1978-79 at Oxford and wrote a joint paper An algebraic characterisation of groups with solvable word problem with Graham Higman during the first of these visits which is of major importance.
    • In December 1981 he became seriously ill with cancer of the pancreas but, after surgery, recovered and came to Oxford in the summer of 1982, looking well and sporting a white beard.

  214. Whiston biography
    • In the following year they produced a course manual which was widely used and later formed the basis of some of the courses at Oxford.

  215. Gosset biography
    • William was educated at Winchester, where his favourite hobby was shooting, then entered New College Oxford where he studied chemistry and mathematics.

  216. Huntington biography
    • Scanlan writes [American National Biography 11 (Oxford, 1999), 534-536.',3)">3] that the book was:- .

  217. Hipparchus biography
    • Heath writes in [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',6)">6]:- .

  218. Harish-Chandra biography
    • His character is described in [American National Biography 10 (Oxford, 1999), 80-81.',28)">28]:- .

  219. Bocher biography
    • Zund, in [American National Biography 3 (Oxford, 1999), 88-89.',10)">10], gives this assessment:- .

  220. Hall Marshall biography
    • During his time at Pasadena, Hall spent leave at Oxford in 1977, at Technion, Haifa in 1980 and at the University at Santa Barbara in 1984.

  221. Heawood biography
    • Heawood attended Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School in Ipswich being awarded an Open Scholarship to study at Exeter College, Oxford, in 1880.

  222. Darwin biography
    • After much indecision, they sent George's older brother to Rugby and George was sent to a school in Clapham run by the Rev Charles Pritchard who later became the Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford [The Times [available on the Web]',2)">2]:- .

  223. Libermann biography
    • For example she spent time at St Hugh's College at Oxford working with Whitehead, at the University of California at Berkeley, at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute in Berkeley, and at the National Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics at Rio de Janeiro.

  224. Salmon biography
    • Salmon was awarded honorary degrees at Oxford (1868), Cambridge (1874), Edinburgh (1884) and University of Christiana (Oslo) (1902).
    • Finally let us quote Dr Stubbs, the Bishop of Oxford [The Times [available on the Web]',2)">2]:- .

  225. Ostrowski biography
    • After being awarded a Rockefeller Research Fellowship, Ostrowski spent the academic year 1925-26 in Britain, spending periods at each of the universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh.

  226. Temple biography
    • In 1953 Temple moved to the Sedleian chair at Oxford to succeed Chapman.

  227. Neumann Hanna biography
    • They chose to move to Oxford so that they could maintain contact with university life.
    • Bernhard was interned for a few months, following which he was drafted into the army, and Hanna enrolled at Oxford to study for a doctorate supervised by Olgar Taussky-Todd.
    • Her first child, Irene, had been born in Cardiff and their second child, Peter, was born in Oxford.
    • Accommodation in Oxford proved a major difficulty, partly because she now had two young children, but also because she had to compete with many people who moved to Oxford to escape the bombing of London.
    • She also, as was necessary had it declared 'approved rooms' by the Oxford Delegacy of Lodgings.
    • Their three sons accompanied them and Peter Neumann, by then an undergraduate at Oxford, joined in with his parents' research efforts.

  228. Orlicz biography
    • Orlicz Memorial Conference (March 21 - 23, 1991) by the University of Mississippi in Oxford, USA, .

  229. Flamsteed biography
    • Museum of the History of Science Oxford (An exhibition) .

  230. Prager biography
    • As to his interests outside mathematics, Drucker writes [American National Biography 17 (Oxford, 1999), 804-805.

  231. Doppelmayr biography
    • Having quickly mastered these new skills, he moved on again, going this time to Rotterdam before crossing to England in May 1701 where he visited Oxford and London.

  232. Kemeny biography
    • Kemeny was well known outside mathematical circles however for, in 1979, President Jimmy Carter asked him to chair the commission investigating the Three Mile Island nuclear accident [American National Biography 12 (Oxford, 1999), 544-545.',1)">1]:- .

  233. Haldane biography
    • As principal of St Mary's College, Haldane came into conflict with Sir David Brewster, principal of the United College of St Salvator and St Leonard [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  234. Monte biography
    • Field writes in [The invention of infinity : Mathematics and art in the Renaissance (Oxford, 1997).',2)">2]:- .

  235. Gregory Duncan biography
    • He is described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2] as follows:- .

  236. Kerr biography
    • Dr Kerr was a Snell Exhibitioner of Balliol College, Oxford.

  237. Mostowski biography
    • He spent further years abroad - 1958-59 at the University of California at Berkeley and 1969-70 at All Souls College, Oxford.

  238. Hille biography
    • Zund writes in [American National Biography 10 (Oxford, 1999), 807-808.',9)">9]:- .

  239. Maupertuis biography
    • Beeson writes [Maupertuis : an intellectual biography (Oxford, 1992).',4)">4]:- .

  240. Peirce Charles biography
    • One might have expected the brilliant young man Charles to make his mark in the education system, but it was at this stage that the independence of thought which his father has so carefully cultivated worked to his disadvantage [American National Biography 17 (Oxford, 1999), 252-253.',13)">13]:- .

  241. Somerville biography
    • Somerville College in Oxford was named after her in 1879 because of her strong support for women's education.

  242. Martin biography
    • Martin published a very large number of problems and solutions to problems in a wide range of publications [American National Biography 14 (Oxford, 1999), 587.',3)">3]:- .

  243. White biography
    • Parshall writes [American National Biography 23 (Oxford, 1999), 216-218.',3)">3]:- .

  244. Stueckelberg biography
    • Jagdish Mehra writes [The Beat of a Different Drum : The Life and Science of Richard Feynman (Oxford 1994), 573-577.',7)">7]:- .

  245. Fowler biography
    • His father was an Oxford man who was called to the bar, but instead of becoming a barrister went into business.

  246. Mackey biography
    • During the academic year 1966-67, Mackey delivered a series of lectures on group representations and their applications at Oxford University in England where he was George Eastman visiting professor.

  247. Peirce B O biography
    • As to his personal qualities, one of his colleagues described him (see [American National Biography 17 (Oxford, 1999), 251-252.

  248. Zygmund biography
    • The first half of this year he spent at Oxford with Hardy, then in the second half he studied at Cambridge with Littlewood.

  249. Porphyry biography
    • According to Heath [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',5)">5] Porphyry was:- .

  250. Cotes biography
    • Meli gives the background to the establishment of the chair in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  251. Penrose biography
    • In 1973 he was appointed Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford and he continued to hold this until he became Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics in 1998.
    • Sir Roger, Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford, has made outstanding contributions to general relativity theory and cosmology, most notably for his work on black holes and the Big Bang.

  252. McBride biography
    • He held this position until 1919 when he was appointed Headmaster of North Kelvinside Higher Grade School in Oxford Drive, Glasgow.

  253. Diocles biography
    • No writing of Diocles was known to Heath in 1921 when he wrote [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3], but Toomer translated and published the newly found Arabic translation of the lost treatise On burning mirrors by Diocles in 1976.

  254. Hadley biography
    • It was tested by Hadley and also by Halley, the astronomer royal, in 1721 and Halley reported to the Royal Society (see for example [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]) that the telescope:- .

  255. Molyneux Samuel biography
    • Bradley was, like Molyneux, a fellow of the Royal Society and, after being appointed to the Savilian chair of astronomy at Oxford in 1721, moved from being an amateur astronomer to a professional one.

  256. Feigenbaum biography
    • As Feigenbaum said (see [The genius of science (Oxford, 2000), 84-104.',7)">7]):- .

  257. Hopf biography
    • Over the next few years he enjoyed invitations to lecture at leading international conferences, and he visited many places including Paris, Brussels, Rome and Oxford.

  258. Gelfand biography
    • He has been awarded many honorary doctorates including one from the University of Oxford.

  259. Zeno of Sidon biography
    • Heath writes in [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2] regarding comments by Proclus concerning Zeno:- .

  260. Jacobsthal biography
    • His only brother, Paul, who was a well-known archaeologist, had already left Germany and had become a professor in Oxford.

  261. Stokes biography
    • Dr Jerrard was himself a mathematician but Stokes was taught mathematics at Bristol College by Francis Newman (who was the brother of John Henry Newman, later Cardinal Newman, who became the leader of the Oxford Movement in the Church of England which was founded in 1833).

  262. Menelaus biography
    • It is also worth commenting that [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',3)">3]:- .

  263. Boys biography
    • To avoid these problems he conducted his experiments in Oxford, rather than London, but he still had to make his measurements at times when no shunting was going on in the railway yards more than a mile from his laboratory.

  264. Uhlenbeck biography
    • Pais writes [The genius of science (Oxford, 2000), 288-325.',5)">5]:- .

  265. Frewin biography
    • Frewin the went to New College, Oxford where he undertook further study and returned to Edinburgh in 1925 when appointed to George Watson's College, Edinburgh.

  266. Alfven biography
    • He received honorary doctorates from the universities of Newcastle (England), Oxford, and Stockholm.

  267. Wall biography
    • In 1964 Wall moved from Cambridge to Oxford where he was appointed Reader in Mathematics and a fellow of St Catherine's College.

  268. Hodge biography
    • During this period he married Kathleen Anne Cameron, the daughter of the manager of the Edinburgh branch of Oxford University Press.

  269. Jerrard biography
    • Bryce writes that [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  270. Young Alfred biography
    • I [EFR] have just attended the conference Groups-St Andrews 2001 in Oxford where one of the main speakers was showing how he was using Young tableaux in his latest research.

  271. Tamarkin biography
    • Hunter writes [American National Biography 21 (Oxford, 1999), 288.',4)">4]:- .

  272. Wiener Norbert biography
    • I like to remember Wiener as I once saw him late at night in Magdalen College, Oxford, surrounded by a spellbound group of undergraduates, talking, endlessly talking.

  273. Neile biography
    • He entered Wadham College, Oxford in 1652 where he was taught mathematics by John Wilkins and Seth Ward.

  274. Griffiths Brian biography
    • The death of the younger son, Joe, prevented Brian from giving an invited talk on mathematics education to the 1970 International Congress of Mathematicians, and the elder, Adam, died when studying for a DPhil at Oxford.

  275. Maddison biography
    • One important piece of work where she did use her mathematical skills was in [American National Biography 14 (Oxford, 1999), 301-302.',2)">2]:- .

  276. Ramsden biography
    • This quote was by the Revd Louis Dutens who also said that Ramsden [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  277. Bowditch biography
    • Rothenberg in [American National Biography 3 (Oxford, 1999), 270-272.',9)">9] writes of the value of Bowditch's English translation:- .

  278. Faraday biography
    • In that year he received an honorary degree from the University of Oxford.

  279. MacMillan Chrystal biography
    • Her death is described in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  280. Peirce Benjamin biography
    • The students found them too concise and all but the very best students also found his lecturing style very difficult [American National Biography 17 (Oxford, 1999), 250-251.',7)">7];- .

  281. Autolycus biography
    • As Heath writes in [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',3)">3]:- .

  282. Pearson Egon biography
    • He attended school, first at Dragon School Oxford from 1907 to 1909, then going to Winchester College from which he graduated in 1914.

  283. Price biography
    • We note that his religious views would have made it impossible for him to attend Oxford or Cambridge university, and the Dissenting academy provided an alternative to a university education for those wishing to study in England but who had views at odds with the standard beliefs of the Church of England.

  284. Sharp biography
    • Flamsteed greatly appreciated Sharp's mathematical skills as well as his skill as an instrument maker, but complained that when it came to carrying out the day to day duties of an astronomer he was (see for example [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).

  285. Weyl biography
    • The book introduced for the first time the notion of a [American National Biography 23 (Oxford, 1999), 101-103.',58)">58]:- .

  286. Sacrobosco biography
    • John of Holywood or Johannes de Sacrobosco was educated at Oxford.

  287. Turnbull biography
    • From 1919 to 1926 he was a fellow at St John's College, Oxford holding the Fereday Fellowship during this period.

  288. Cartan Henri biography
    • He has received honorary doctorates from several universities including ETH Zurich (1955), Munster (1952), Oslo (1961), Sussex (1969), Cambridge (1969), Stockholm (1978), Oxford (1980), Zaragoza (1985), and Athens (1992).

  289. Alexander Archie biography
    • The Revised Organic Act of 1954 created a central government and Alexander was appointed as Governor in April of that year, see [American National Biography 1 (Oxford, 1999), 262-263.',1)">1].

  290. Stuart biography
    • He also supported London and Oxford in setting up similar extension courses.

  291. Burchnall biography
    • Joseph Burchnall was educated at Boston Grammar School from where he won a scholarship to read mathematics at Oxford in 1911.

  292. Bessel biography
    • The authors of [Mobius and his band (Oxford, 1993).',5)">5] write:- .

  293. Warschawski biography
    • Ostrowski had taken up the position in Gottingen in 1923 but when Warschawski began his studies in 1926 he had just returned from a year of study in Britain at the universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh.

  294. Sporus biography
    • Eutocius however supports Archimedes, writing (in Heath's translation, see for example [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]):- .

  295. Mittag-Leffler biography
    • He was awarded honorary degrees from the universities of Oxford, Cambridge, Aberdeen, St Andrews, Bologna and Christiania (now Oslo).

  296. Callippus biography
    • Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',4)">4]:- .

  297. Hardie Robert biography
    • He then went to the University of Oxford and was awarded a B.A.

  298. Ramsey biography
    • Mellor, in [The Dictionary of National Biography : Missing Persons (Oxford, 1993), 546-547.',10)">10], paints a similar picture:- .

  299. Eudemus biography
    • W Jaeger, however, in his discussion of Aristotle [Aristoteles, Grundlegung einer Geschichte seiner Entwicklung (Berlin, 1955).',4)">4] (see also [Aristotle, Fundamentals of the History of his Development (Oxford, 1948).',5)">5]) has argued strongly that Eudemus studied with Aristotle during his period in Assos.

  300. Moore Jonas biography
    • Aubrey describes Moore in [Brief lives (Oxford, 1898).',1)">1] as:- .

  301. Jeans biography
    • Among the universities to give him an honorary doctorate were Oxford, Manchester, Benares, Aberdeen, Johns Hopkins, St Andrews, Dublin, and Calcutta.

  302. Baer biography
    • He then accepted an invitation from Mordell to go to Manchester, and after going to Oxford to meet Weyl, he accepted his invitation to Princeton.

  303. Quillen biography
    • Quillen at present works at the University of Oxford in England.
    • From 1984 to 2006 Quillen was the Waynflete Professor of Pure Mathematics at Magdalen College, Oxford.
    • On 22 May 2006 the 39th K-theory Day at Oxford was set up to celebrate Quillen's 65th birthday.

  304. Frege biography
    • Weiner writes in [Frege : Past Masters (Oxford, 1999).',20)">20]:- .

  305. Tarski biography
    • A B Feferman also describes aspects of his character writing in [American National Biography 19 (Oxford, 1999), 330-332.',25)">25]:- .

  306. Spence David biography
    • Died: 7 Sept 2003 in Headington, Oxford, England .
    • He was appointed to the engineering department of the University of Oxford and remained there for around 20 years.

  307. Besicovitch biography
    • After he visited Oxford in 1925 Hardy, who quickly saw the mathematical genius in Besicovitch, found a post for him in Liverpool.

  308. Hopkinson biography
    • He made good use of his mathematical abilities [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  309. Theodosius biography
    • Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .

  310. Stormer biography
    • He was given honorary degrees by the universities of Oxford, Copenhagen and the Sorbonne.

  311. Steenrod biography
    • In 1927 Steenrod enrolled at the University of Miami at Oxford, Ohio.

  312. Boole biography
    • He received honorary degrees from the universities of Dublin and Oxford and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (1857).

  313. Marinus biography
    • Marinus [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2]:- .

  314. Neugebauer biography
    • Pyenson writes [American National Biography 16 (Oxford, 1999), 302-303.',7)">7]:- .

  315. Theon of Smyrna biography
    • Heath writes [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .

  316. Newton biography
    • Whenever a position at Oxford or Cambridge became vacant, the king appointed a Roman Catholic to fill it.

  317. Green Sandy biography
    • With the active co-operation of the Mathematical Institute of the University of Oxford, it was arranged to present the award at a short LMS Meeting before the Institute's regular Colloquium on Friday, 15 November 2002.

  318. Machin biography
    • We also know that Machin was friendly with Keill, who taught at Oxford, and with de Moivre who like Machin was a private tutor of mathematics at this time.

  319. Synge biography
    • Synge's classic, written in 1956, had a large influence [General relativity : papers in honour of J L Synge (Oxford, 1972), 257-265.',1)">1]:- .

  320. Wilkinson biography
    • In 1948 Turing left the ACE project and Wilkinson [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  321. Segre Beniamino biography
    • a lecture by Hodge in Oxford ..

  322. Thompson John biography
    • Among the honorary degrees that Thompson has received are ones from Yale University (1980), the University of Chicago (1985), the University of Oxford (1987) and Ohio State University (2008).

  323. Mitchell biography
    • As is well known, he went on to an illustrious career, which included an FRS and the Chair of Mathematical Biology at Oxford.

  324. Bell John biography
    • Reinhold Bertlmann, who himself did important work with Bell, has written a book titled Anomalies in Quantum Field Theory [Anomalies in Quantum Field Theory (Oxford, 2000).',10)">10], and the two surviving members of ABJ, Adler and Jackiw shared the 1988 Dirac Medal of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste for their work.

  325. Cunningham biography
    • Later he became attracted by the Oxford Group movement, though never by its extravagances.

  326. Serenus biography
    • In the preface to the first of these Serenus gives his reasons for writing the work [A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).',2)">2]:- .

  327. Landen biography
    • In [Dictionary of National Biography XXXII (London, 1892), 48-49.',4)">4] his achievements are summed up as follows (a similar passage occurs in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]):- .

  328. Bayes biography
    • He had to choose a Scottish university if he was to obtain his education without going overseas since, at this time, Nonconformists were not allowed to matriculate at Oxford or Cambridge.

  329. Maior biography
    • Broadie in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2] ends his article with these words:- .

  330. Bliss biography
    • Also outside mathematics was his work heading [American National Biography 3 (Oxford, 1999), 26-27.',6)">6]:- .

  331. Newman biography
    • His important contribution is described in [Colossus: The Secrets of Bletchley Park\'s Code-breaking Computer (Oxford, 2006)',2)">2] and in [The Times [available on the Web]',1)">1]:- .

  332. Crofton biography
    • Like Crofton, Newman began as an Anglican but he had held a leading role in the Oxford Movement in the Church of England.

  333. Floer biography
    • He accepted invitations to speak in Moscow, Oxford, Paris, and Zurich.

  334. Hill biography
    • Zund writes in [American National Biography 10 (Oxford, 1999), 781-782.',12)">12]:- .

  335. Bronowski biography
    • His first book was published in 1939 and it was not a mathematics book but rather The Poet's Defence which [Dictionary of National Biography 1971-1980 (Oxford-New York, 1986), 93.',5)">5]:- .

  336. Durell biography
    • Price writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  337. Hubble biography
    • He won a Rhodes scholarship to Oxford where he studied law.

  338. Gorenstein biography
    • Ronald Solomon wrote his thesis with Feit, Seitz with Curtis, Stephen Smith with Higman at Oxford, O'Nan with me, and Shult was essentially self-taught.

  339. Lindemann biography
    • In England he made visits to Oxford, Cambridge and London, while in France he spent time at Paris where he was influenced by Chasles, Bertrand, Jordan and Hermite.

  340. Van Vleck biography
    • His contributions are summed up in [American National Biography 22 (Oxford, 1999), 256-257.',3)">3] as follows:- .

  341. Littlewood Dudley biography
    • The two Swansea mathematicians then collaborated on Group characters and algebras which was published in the Philosophical transactions of The Royal Society in 1934 [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  342. Kiefer biography
    • In the same year, while on a research visit to Oxford University, he wrote Optimum experimental designs which was published in the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society.

  343. Penney biography
    • At this point Penney was offered a Chair at the University of Oxford.

  344. Chevalley biography
    • Claude Chevalley was the only son of Abel and Marguerite Chevalley who were the authors of the Oxford Concise French Dictionary.

  345. Montroll biography
    • Carey writes in [American National Biography 15 (Oxford, 1999), 717-718.',1)">1]:- .

  346. Hertz Heinrich biography
    • In [The symbolic universe, Milton Keynes, 1996 (Oxford University Press, New York, 1999), 25-46.',19)">19] he talks about Hertz's approach to mechanics having three novelties: (1) a philosophical introduction, (2) an account of mechanics that does not introduce force as a basic concept, and (3) a geometric form.

  347. Tschirnhaus biography
    • He also met John Collins in London and John Wallis in Oxford.

  348. Polya biography
    • He spent 1924 partly in Oxford, partly in Cambridge, working with Hardy and Littlewood and they began a collaboration on the book Inequalities was published in 1934.

  349. Jackson biography
    • His main interests at Greenwich were in double stars (collaborating on this investigation with Herbert Hall Turner, the Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford University), meridian observations and the time service.

  350. Kloosterman biography
    • Again it was due to Ehrenfest that Kloosterman was able to visit Hardy in Oxford.

  351. Black biography
    • Black described himself as a (see for example [American National Biography 2 (Oxford, 1999), 862-864.

  352. Henrici biography
    • Henrici made many innovations as a teacher, for example he [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',1)">1]:- .

  353. Strong biography
    • Hogan writes [American National Biography 21 (Oxford, 1999), 48-49.',2)">2]:- .

  354. Birkhoff biography
    • Butler writes in [American National Biography 2 (Oxford, 1999), 813-814.',6)">6]:- .

  355. Oughtred biography
    • Aubrey [Brief lives II (Oxford, 1898), 106-110.',5)">5] gives an interesting description of Oughtred's appearance and lifestyle:- .

  356. Chandrasekhar biography
    • Mestel writes [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  357. Heraclides biography
    • For example Heath [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).',2)">2] writes:- .

  358. Rolle biography
    • He begins his memoir Du nouveau systeme de l'infini (1703) as follows (see for example [Philosophy of Mathematics and Mathematical Practice in the Seventeenth Century (Oxford University Press, New York, 1996).',4)">4]):- .

  359. Evans biography
    • Zund writes in [American National Biography 7 (Oxford, 1999), 606-607.',4)">4] of his contributions to potential theory:- .

  360. Hemchandra biography
    • The book Deeds of the 63 Illustrious Men mentioned in the above quote has now been translated into English by Fynes and published by Oxford University Press.

  361. Cooper biography
    • He then won a Rhodes Scholarship to study at Queen's College, Oxford, England, and he began his studies there in 1935.
    • At Oxford he had the great good fortune to meet Kathleen Dixon, who was reading History, and they were married in June, 1940.
    • 60 (Basel-Boston, 1981), 25-26.',3)">3], met Cooper while he was studying at Oxford.

  362. Semple biography
    • In 1953, between the publication of these two books, Temple moved to a chair at Oxford and Semple became Head of Mathematics at King's College.

  363. Young Thomas biography
    • As a Quaker he could not study at Oxford or Cambridge, so within Britain he could only obtain a degree from a Scottish university.

  364. La Roche biography
    • For instance Barbara Moss argues [Mathematics from Manuscript to Print 1300-1600 (Oxford, 1988), 117-126.',5)">5]:- .

  365. Hirzebruch biography
    • In addition Hirzebruch has been awarded honorary doctorates from the University of Warwick, Gottingen, Oxford, Wuppertal, Notre Dame, Dublin, Athens, Potsdam, Konstanz, Humboldt-Berlin, Bar-Ilan, Oslo, and the University of Illinois at Chicago.

  366. Mackay biography
    • He has received honorary degrees from the universities of Edinburgh (1983), Dundee (1983), Strathclyde (1985), Aberdeen (1987), St Andrews (1989), Cambridge (1989), William and Mary (1989), Birmingham (1990), Newcastle (1990), Bath (1994), Glasgow (1994), Oxford (1998), and De Montford (1999).

  367. Jones biography
    • Wallis writes in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',2)">2]:- .

  368. Fuller Thomas biography
    • When someone who had witnessed his calculating abilities remarked that it was a pity he had not been educated, Fuller replied (see [American National Biography 8 (Oxford, 1999), 566.',4)">4]):- .

  369. Cox Elbert biography
    • Carey writes [American National Biography 5 (Oxford, 1999), 621-622.',2)">2]:- .

  370. Macintyre biography
    • It was usual for the top students in those days to study at Oxford or Cambridge University after taking their first degree at a Scottish University.

  371. Stewart Dugald biography
    • The story of this controversy, and Stewart's part in it, is told in [Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).',10)">10] and it is an interesting one since it revolves round whether the Church could control the scientific views taught in the universities:- .

History Topics

  1. Harriot's manuscripts
    • The story of how knowledge of Thomas Harriot's mathematical genius has come down to us is related in several of the references, see for example [Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1], [Thomas Harriot : a biography (Oxford, 1983).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2], or [Thomas Harriot : renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974).',4)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">4].
    • We quote from the preface of [Thomas Harriot : renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974).',4)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">4]:- .
    • Franz Xaver Zach was an Austrian, described in [Thomas Harriot : a biography (Oxford, 1983).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2] as:- .
    • Despite the fact that Harriot's work was of the very highest quality and importance, Zach made claims about it which were over the top [Thomas Harriot : renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974).',4)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">4]:- .
    • In 1786 Zach proposed to the Oxford University Press that he publish a major biography of Harriot together with an edited edition of the most important of Harriot's manuscripts.
    • Thomas Hornsby, the Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford, proposed Zach for an honorary degree which was awarded in 1786.
    • It is somewhat ironical that Hornsby, best known for his role in setting up the Radcliffe Observatory at Oxford, himself made tens of thousands of observations which were not published until 1932, about 150 years after they were recorded.
    • Without doing any editorial work whatsoever, and without writing any biographical material, von Zach sent some of Harriot's papers to the Principal of Brasenose College in 1794 and asked that he forward them to Oxford University Press for publication.
    • It was clear to Oxford Press that they had not received manuscripts in a fit state for publication, but they divided the papers into two groups, mathematical papers and astronomical papers, and sent them to two referees for opinions about publication.
    • A poor students place was found for Robertson by his master at Oxford.
    • Robertson reported promptly on the mathematical papers sent top him (see for example [Thomas Harriot : renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974).',4)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">4]):- .
    • Hutton wrote in his Mathematical Dictionary published in 1797 (see, for example [Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]):- .
      Go directly to this paragraph
    • it is with pleasure I can announce that they are in a fair train to be published: they have been presented to the University of Oxford, on condition of printing them; with a view to which, they have been lately put into the hands of an ingenious member of that learned body, to arrange and prepare them for the press.
    • As the years went by more and more criticism was aimed at Oxford University Press for the lack of appearance of Harriot's papers.
      Go directly to this paragraph
    • In 1822 Robertson, angry that Playfair and others were attacking Oxford University Press, made his reports on the papers public.
      Go directly to this paragraph
    • The next step was that [Thomas Harriot : renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974).',4)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">4]:- .
    • Rigaud, Savilian Professor at Oxford, and Henry Stevens of Vermont, an antiquarian bookseller, both turned their hands to revealing the true Harriot in the nineteenth century.
    • In fact Stephen Peter Rigaud, who succeeded Robertson to both Savilian chairs at Oxford, was much more interested in the history of mathematics than Robertson had been.
    • It is written in [Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1] that he:- .
    • Besides more general themes, he took pains to explore Oxford's own contributions to historical scholarship.
    • Rigaud was one of the Delegates of the Oxford Press, and his initial reason in becoming involved in the controversy over Harriot's papers was to defend the position of the Press.
    • The will was located by Henry Stevens of Vermont (1819-1886), see [Thomas Harriot: Renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974), 91-106.',5)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">5] and [History of science 6 (Cambridge, 1967), 1-16.',6)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">6] for full details of this interesting episode.
    • To further his knowledge of Harriot, Stevens visited London, studied the Harriot manuscripts held in the British Museum, found Harriot's will in the records of the Archdeaconry Court of London, but did not visit Petworth to view the bulk of Harriot's papers nor did he visit Oxford to consult the notes left by Rigaud.
    • As the preface of [Thomas Harriot : renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974).',4)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">4] put it:- .

  2. Ptolemy mss.html
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.

  3. test.html
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.

  4. Doubling the cube
    • Theon of Smyrna quotes a work by Eratosthenes (see Heath [A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2]):- .
    • Heath also suggests in [A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2] that Hippocrates may have come to the idea from number theory for he quotes Euclid's Elements Book VIII:- .
    • Heath writes [A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2]:- .
    • However, Heath [A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2] suggests that Eudoxus was:- .
    • He erected a column at Alexandria dedicated to King Ptolemy with an epigram inscribed on it relating to his own mechanical solution to the problem of doubling the cube [A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2]:- .
    • Details of the construction is given in [A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2].

  5. Greek sources II
    • First let us see what facts Heath knew when he wrote his famous book [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1921).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1], A history of Greek mathematics, which he began in 1913.
      Go directly to this paragraph
    • Hence, Heath can deduce that [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1921).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .
      Go directly to this paragraph
    • Eutocius's commentary on Archimedes On the Sphere and Cylinder II includes a quotation from Diocles solving the following problem of Archimedes (see for example [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1921).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]):- .
      Go directly to this paragraph
    • Heath deduces from the quotes in Eutocius that Diocles [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1921).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .
      Go directly to this paragraph
    • Heath also writes [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1921).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .
    • One papyrus states [A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1921).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .

  6. Longitude2
    • Groups of scientists began meeting in London and Oxford from 1645 and certainly the longitude problem was one of the main problems which they discussed.
    • A poem written in 1661 described the work going on at Gresham College (see [Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude (Oxford, 1980).',6)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">6]):- .
    • The Commissioners included members of the Admiralty, the Astronomer Royal, the Savilian, Lucasian, and Plumian professors of mathematics in Oxford and Cambridge and ten members of Parliament.
    • These instruments allowed, see [Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude (Oxford, 1980).',6)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">6]:- .
      Go directly to this paragraph
    • Harrison accompanied H1 on board H M S Centurian to Lisbon and returned on H M S Oxford.
    • In [Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude (Oxford, 1980).',6)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">6] the development of the marine chronometer after Harrison is described:- .

  7. Harriot's manuscripts references
    • J Fauvel, R Flodd and R Wilson (eds.), Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000).
    • J W Shirley, Thomas Harriot : a biography (Oxford, 1983).
    • J W Shirley (ed.), Thomas Harriot : renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974).
    • R C H Tanner, Henry Stevens and the associates of Thomas Harriot, in Thomas Harriot: Renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974), 91-106.

  8. Forgery 2
    • Many years later Voltaire wrote in his autobiography (see for example [Voltaire (Oxford, 1969).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2]):- .
    • Beeson writes [Maupertuis : an intellectual biography (Oxford, 1992).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .
    • Many members chose not to attend the meeting out of embarrassment and one of those who did said [Maupertuis : an intellectual biography (Oxford, 1992).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .
    • A peace treaty which he drew up, but never expected Maupertuis to sign, read [Voltaire (Oxford, 1969).',2)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">2]:- .
    • Beeson writes in [Maupertuis : an intellectual biography (Oxford, 1992).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .

  9. Harriot's manuscripts references
    • J Fauvel, R Flodd and R Wilson (eds.), Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000).
    • J W Shirley, Thomas Harriot : a biography (Oxford, 1983).
    • J W Shirley (ed.), Thomas Harriot : renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974).
    • R C H Tanner, Henry Stevens and the associates of Thomas Harriot, in Thomas Harriot: Renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974), 91-106.

  10. Coffee houses
    • Antony Wood writes in Athenae Oxonienses (1691) that the first coffee house opened in Oxford:- .
    • Hither, too, came Professor Halley, the great astronomer, to meet his friends on his weekly visit to London from Oxford ..
    • John Harris was born around 1666 and graduated from Oxford University twenty years later.

  11. Mathematics and Art references
    • J V Field, The invention of infinity : Mathematics and art in the Renaissance (Oxford, 1997).
    • J V Field, Perspective and the mathematicians : Alberti to Desargues, in Mathematics from manuscript to print, 1300-1600, Oxford, 1984 (New York, 1988), 236-263.

  12. Forgery 2 references
    • D Beeson, Maupertuis : an intellectual biography (Oxford, 1992).
    • T Besterman, Voltaire (Oxford, 1969).

  13. Longitude1
    • Howse, writing in [Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude (Oxford, 1980).',7)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">7], says:- .
      Go directly to this paragraph
    • Howse, writing in [Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude (Oxford, 1980).',7)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">7], says:- .
      Go directly to this paragraph

  14. Forgery 2 references
    • D Beeson, Maupertuis : an intellectual biography (Oxford, 1992).
    • T Besterman, Voltaire (Oxford, 1969).

  15. Trisecting an angle
    • Heath writes in [A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .
    • He writes [A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .

  16. Mathematics and Art references
    • J V Field, The invention of infinity : Mathematics and art in the Renaissance (Oxford, 1997).
    • J V Field, Perspective and the mathematicians : Alberti to Desargues, in Mathematics from manuscript to print, 1300-1600, Oxford, 1984 (New York, 1988), 236-263.

  17. Greek sources I references
    • A J Butler, The Arab conquest of Egypt and the last thirty years of the Roman Dominion (Oxford, 1902 reprinted 1978).
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).

  18. Bolzano's manuscripts references
    • S Russ, The mathematical works of Bernard Bolzano (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004).

  19. Bolzano's manuscripts references
    • S Russ, The mathematical works of Bernard Bolzano (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004).

  20. Christianity and Mathematics
    • His respect for the ancient Greek system is reflected in his own words (see for example [Rebuilding the matrix (Oxford, 2001).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]):- .
    • He wrote near the end of his life (see for example [Rebuilding the matrix (Oxford, 2001).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]):- .

  21. U of St Andrews History
    • Prior to this bishops in St Andrews had provided funds to send their students to the universities of Bologna, Paris and Oxford but the political situation at the time made it increasingly difficult to continue this practice.
    • A graduate of Oxford where he had an excellent reputation, he followed Newton's ideas and was a good teacher, but was far from his uncle in research ability or inclination.
      Go directly to this paragraph

  22. Greek sources I references
    • A J Butler, The Arab conquest of Egypt and the last thirty years of the Roman Dominion (Oxford, 1902 reprinted 1978).
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).

  23. Egyptian Papyri references
    • G J Toomer, Mathematics and Astronomy, in J R Harris (ed.), The Legacy of Egypt (Oxford, 1971), 27-54.

  24. references
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.

  25. Longitude2 references
    • D Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude (Oxford, 1980).

  26. Non-Euclidean geometry references
    • J J Gray, Ideas of Space : Euclidean, non-Euclidean and Relativistic (Oxford, 1989).

  27. Set theory references
    • M Tiles, The philosophy of set theory : an historical introduction to Cantor's paradise (Oxford, 1989).

  28. Group theory references
    • Thesis Oxford, 1993).

  29. function concept references
    • J H Manheim, The genesis of point set topology (Pergamon Press, Oxford-Paris-Frankfurt; The Macmillan Co., New York, 1964).

  30. Longitude1 references
    • D Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude (Oxford, 1980).

  31. Doubling the cube references
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).

  32. General relativity references
    • .' The Science and the life of Albert Einstein (Oxford, 1982).

  33. Trisecting an angle references
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).

  34. Mathematics and Architecture references
    • J V Field, The invention of infinity : Mathematics and art in the Renaissance (Oxford, 1997).

  35. Greek sources II references
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1921).

  36. Infinity references
    • J Benardete, Infinity (Oxford, 1964).

  37. Squaring the circle references
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).

  38. Christianity and Mathematics references
    • D Alexander, Rebuilding the matrix (Oxford, 2001).

  39. references
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.

  40. The four colour theorem references
    • N L Biggs, E K Lloyd and R J Wilson, Graph Theory 1736-1936 (Oxford, 1986).

  41. Cartography references
    • D B Quinn, Thomas Harriot and the new world, in Thomas Harriot : Renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974), 36-53.

  42. Egyptian mathematics references
    • G J Toomer, Mathematics and Astronomy, in J R Harris (ed.), The Legacy of Egypt (Oxford, 1971), 27-54.

  43. Special relativity references
    • .' The Science and the life of Albert Einstein (Oxford, 1982).

  44. Egyptian Papyri references
    • G J Toomer, Mathematics and Astronomy, in J R Harris (ed.), The Legacy of Egypt (Oxford, 1971), 27-54.

  45. Ptolemy Source
    • 41 (Oxford), a paper manuscript containing the text of the Geography without maps, c.

  46. Bakhshali manuscript
    • In 1902, he presented the Bakhshali Manuscript to the Bodleian Library, Oxford, where it is still (Shelf mark: MS.

  47. Ledermann interview
    • We were able to get our parents a little flat in North London where they were accommodated until the war became so bad that they were evacuated to Oxford during the bombing.

  48. function concept
    • The notion of a function first occurred in more general form in the 14th century in the schools of natural philosophy at Oxford and Paris.

  49. Greek sources I
    • It appears, however, that there is no truth in the story that the Arabs burnt this library, see for example [The Arab conquest of Egypt and the last thirty years of the Roman Dominion (Oxford, 1902 reprinted 1978).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1].

  50. EMS History
    • The Oxford scholars of the eighteenth century had neglected him, and a sixteenth-century Latin translation, together with a bare reprint of a small part of his text by a French editor, was all that was extant.

  51. Squaring the circle
    • Themistius states [A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).',1)" onmouseover="window.status='Click to see reference';return true">1]:- .

  52. Longitude2 references
    • D Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude (Oxford, 1980).

  53. Non-Euclidean geometry references
    • J J Gray, Ideas of Space : Euclidean, non-Euclidean and Relativistic (Oxford, 1989).

  54. Set theory references
    • M Tiles, The philosophy of set theory : an historical introduction to Cantor's paradise (Oxford, 1989).

  55. Babylonian and Egyptian references
    • G J Toomer, Mathematics and Astronomy, in J R Harris (ed.), The Legacy of Egypt (Oxford, 1971), 27-54.

  56. references

  57. Group theory references
    • Thesis Oxford, 1993).

  58. function concept references
    • J H Manheim, The genesis of point set topology (Pergamon Press, Oxford-Paris-Frankfurt; The Macmillan Co., New York, 1964).

  59. Longitude1 references
    • D Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude (Oxford, 1980).

  60. Doubling the cube references
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).

  61. General relativity references
    • .' The Science and the life of Albert Einstein (Oxford, 1982).

  62. Trisecting an angle references
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).

  63. Mathematics and Architecture references
    • J V Field, The invention of infinity : Mathematics and art in the Renaissance (Oxford, 1997).

  64. Greek sources II references
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1921).

  65. Infinity references
    • J Benardete, Infinity (Oxford, 1964).

  66. references
    • (2005), The Legacy of Fischer Black, Oxford University Press.

  67. Squaring the circle references
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I (Oxford, 1931).

  68. Christianity and Mathematics references
    • D Alexander, Rebuilding the matrix (Oxford, 2001).

  69. references
    • 2000, Princeton, NJ ; Oxford :: Princeton University Press.

  70. The four colour theorem references
    • N L Biggs, E K Lloyd and R J Wilson, Graph Theory 1736-1936 (Oxford, 1986).

  71. Cartography references
    • D B Quinn, Thomas Harriot and the new world, in Thomas Harriot : Renaissance scientist (Oxford, 1974), 36-53.

  72. Egyptian mathematics references
    • G J Toomer, Mathematics and Astronomy, in J R Harris (ed.), The Legacy of Egypt (Oxford, 1971), 27-54.

  73. Special relativity references
    • .' The Science and the life of Albert Einstein (Oxford, 1982).

  74. Egyptian mathematics references
    • G J Toomer, Mathematics and Astronomy, in J R Harris (ed.), The Legacy of Egypt (Oxford, 1971), 27-54.

Famous Curves

No matches from this section

Societies etc

  1. BMC Committee
    • J H C Whitehead (Oxford) .
    • Professor J H C Whitehead was asked to assume the responsibility for arranging the meeting in Oxford, with the assistance of Mr E C Thompson.
    • A General Meeting of the British Mathematical Colloquium was held in Jesus College, Oxford on April 13th, 1950.
    • A meeting of the Committee of the British Mathematical Colloquium was held in Jesus College, Oxford on April 13th, 1950.
    • The minutes of the General Meeting held at Oxford in 1950 were read and approved.
    • The minutes of the Committee Meeting held at Oxford in 1950 were read and approved.

  2. Groups St Andrews.html
    • Peter Neumann (Oxford) .
    • Martin Bridson (Oxford) .
    • Groups St Andrews 2001 in Oxford .
    • Held in Oxford, England, 5 August - 18 August 2001 .
    • Mike Vaughan-Lee (Christ Church, Oxford) .
    • Dan Segal (All Souls College, Oxford) .

  3. Minutes for 1997
    • Special Sessions for 50th BMC It was agreed that the special sessions for Manchester will be on Mathematical Logic and Dynamical Systems, and that Prof A J Macintyre (Oxford) and Dr S M Rees (Liverpool) should be invited to organise the special sessions with the help of Manchester staff in these areas.
    • *Dr M C White (Newcastle), Dr A Grigor'yan (Imperial), Prof T J Lyons (Imperial), Dr A V Sobolev (Sussex), Prof M van den Berg (Bristol), *Dr F Boca (Swansea), Dr F A Rogers (King's), Dr C J K Batty (Oxford).
    • *Dr B H Bowditch (Southampton), *Dr A D King (Lancaster), Dr V V Goryunov (Liverpool), Dr W J Harvey (King's), Dr J C Wood (Leeds), Dr D Singerman (Southampton), Dr A J Baker (Glasgow), *Dr D Joyce (Oxford).
    • Prof R E Borcherds (Cambridge), Dr J Nekovar (Cambridge), Prof I B Fesenko (Nottingham), Prof C J Bushnell (King's), Dr R Heath-Brown (Oxford), *Dr J McKee (Edinburgh), *Dr B ni Fhlathuin (Bath).
    • *Dr J Chapman (Oxford), Dr R M Roberts (Warwick), Prof N H Bingham (Birkbeck), Prof C St-J A Nash-Williams (Reading), Dr N S Manton (Cambridge).

  4. Minutes for 1997
    • Special Sessions for 50th BMC It was agreed that the special sessions for Manchester will be on Mathematical Logic and Dynamical Systems, and that Prof A J Macintyre (Oxford) and Dr S M Rees (Liverpool) should be invited to organise the special sessions with the help of Manchester staff in these areas.
    • Analysis *Dr M C White (Newcastle), Dr A Grigor'yan (Imperial), Prof T J Lyons (Imperial), Dr A V Sobolev (Sussex), Prof M van den Berg (Bristol), *Dr F Boca (Swansea), Dr F A Rogers (King's), Dr C J K Batty (Oxford).
    • Geometry/Topology *Dr B H Bowditch (Southampton), *Dr A D King (Lancaster), Dr V V Goryunov (Liverpool), Dr W J Harvey (King's), Dr J C Wood (Leeds), Dr D Singerman (Southampton), Dr A J Baker (Glasgow), *Dr D Joyce (Oxford).
    • Number Theory Prof R E Borcherds (Cambridge), Dr J Nekovar (Cambridge), Prof I B Fesenko (Nottingham), Prof C J Bushnell (King's), Dr R Heath-Brown (Oxford), *Dr J McKee (Edinburgh), *Dr B ni Fhlathuin (Bath).
    • Other *Dr J Chapman (Oxford), Dr R M Roberts (Warwick), Prof N H Bingham (Birkbeck), Prof C St-J A Nash-Williams (Reading), Dr N S Manton (Cambridge).

  5. Minutes for 1997
    • Special Sessions for 50th BMC It was agreed that the special sessions for Manchester will be on Mathematical Logic and Dynamical Systems, and that Prof A J Macintyre (Oxford) and Dr S M Rees (Liverpool) should be invited to organise the special sessions with the help of Manchester staff in these areas.
    • Analysis *Dr M C White (Newcastle), Dr A Grigor'yan (Imperial), Prof T J Lyons (Imperial), Dr A V Sobolev (Sussex), Prof M van den Berg (Bristol), *Dr F Boca (Swansea), Dr F A Rogers (King's), Dr C J K Batty (Oxford).
    • Geometry/Topology *Dr B H Bowditch (Southampton), *Dr A D King (Lancaster), Dr V V Goryunov (Liverpool), Dr W J Harvey (King's), Dr J C Wood (Leeds), Dr D Singerman (Southampton), Dr A J Baker (Glasgow), *Dr D Joyce (Oxford).
    • Number Theory Prof R E Borcherds (Cambridge), Dr J Nekovar (Cambridge), Prof I B Fesenko (Nottingham), Prof C J Bushnell (King's), Dr R Heath-Brown (Oxford), *Dr J McKee (Edinburgh), *Dr B ni Fhlathuin (Bath).
    • Other *Dr J Chapman (Oxford), Dr R M Roberts (Warwick), Prof N H Bingham (Birkbeck), Prof C St-J A Nash-Williams (Reading), Dr N S Manton (Cambridge).

  6. Minutes for 2004
    • Re future meetings: cost is a factor; the following declined to bid for a joint meeting in 2008: Oxford, King's College London, Imperial College London.
    • However Oxford, through Nick Woodhouse, say that they would be "seriously interested" in hosting the BMC in 2009 or 2010.
    • There had been an informal indication that Oxford might be willing to host a B(A)MC, but the Mathematical Institute there is to be rehoused in 2008; an Oxford B(A)MC in 2009 or 2010 may be feasible.
    • It was suggested that the names of Eleanor Robson (OU) and Alyson Etheridge (Oxford) should be added.

  7. Minutes for 1998
    • Dr C Hobbs (Oxford Brookes), elected at AGM .
    • Dr Walker expressed disappointment at the number of participants, and drew attention to the fact that some large departments such as Cambridge, Oxford and Warwick had sent very few people.
    • Dr M C White (Newcastle: refused 50th, but was keen), Prof A G O'Farrell (Maynooth, Ireland), Dr A Grigoryan (Imperial), Dr S Bullett (QMW), Dr C J K Batty (Oxford), Dr F A Rogers (Kings), Dr A V Sobolev (Sussex), Dr M Levitin (Heriot-Watt), Prof W T Gowers (Cambridge, proposed earlier in the meeting by MJT).
    • Dr D Singerman (Southampton), Prof J W Bruce (Liverpool), Dr D Joyce (Oxford, refused 50th), Dr W J Harvey (Kings), Dr A D King (Bath), Dr J C Wood (Leeds), Dr R M W Wood (Manchester), Dr N Strickland (Cambridge), Dr Bailey (which one?), Dr B H Bowditch (refused 50th, good reason.
    • Prof N Biggs (LSE, Comb.), Dr N S Manton (Cambridge, Math/Physics), Dr I B Leader (Kings, Comb.), Dr G Brightwell (LSE, Comb.), Dr J J Gray (Open, History), Dr J Chapman (Oxford, Phys.), Dr R J Wilson (Open, History), Dr R Hill (Salford, Comb.).

  8. London Royal Society
    • About the year 1648-49, some of our company being removed to Oxford (first Dr Wilkins, then I, and soon after Dr Goddard) our company divided.
    • Those in London continued to meet there as before (and we with them, when we had occasion to be there, and those of us at Oxford ..
    • and divers others, continued such meetings in Oxford, and brought those Studies into fashion there..
    • On the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660 those who were living in London resumed their meetings that had been discontinued in 1658, and others who had been at Oxford joined them; by the end of the year they had a number of their friends having similar interests resolved to constitute themselves a Society of Philosophers which they succeeded in doing.

  9. London Royal Society
    • About the year 1648-49, some of our company being removed to Oxford (first Dr Wilkins, then I, and soon after Dr Goddard) our company divided.
    • Those in London continued to meet there as before (and we with them, when we had occasion to be there, and those of us at Oxford ..
    • and divers others, continued such meetings in Oxford, and brought those Studies into fashion there..
    • On the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660 those who were living in London resumed their meetings that had been discontinued in 1658, and others who had been at Oxford joined them; by the end of the year they had a number of their friends having similar interests resolved to constitute themselves a Society of Philosophers which they succeeded in doing.

  10. History of the Royal Society
    • About the year 1648-49, some of our company being removed to Oxford (first Dr Wilkins, then I, and soon after Dr Goddard) our company divided.
    • Those in London continued to meet there as before (and we with them, when we had occasion to be there, and those of us at Oxford ..
    • and divers others, continued such meetings in Oxford, and brought those Studies into fashion there..

  11. Minutes for 1981
    • A General Meeting of the British Mathematical Colloquium was held in the Zoology Building of the University of Oxford on Wednesday 1st April 1981 at 2.00 pm.
    • Professor Atiyah welcomed the Colloquium and the speakers to Oxford.
    • Dr P Vamos of Sheffield thanked those who arranged the 2nd Oxford Colloquium: Prof Atiyah, Prof James, Mr E C Thompson, Dr Ault, Ms Shorey, Mrs Jane Cox, Mrs Jane Dunbar, Dr Stewart.

  12. Scientific Committee 2006
    • Professor Dominic Joyce (Oxford) (Differential Geometry) .
    • Professor Rafa‘l Rouquier (Leeds/Oxford) (Representation Theory) .

  13. British Mathematical Colloquium

  14. Minutes for 2007
    • Morning speakers: Anton Cox (City), John Cremona (Warwick), Patrick Dorey (Durham), Ben Green (Cambridge), Dominic Joyce (Oxford), Raphael Rouquier (Oxford), Jonathan Sherratt (Herriot Watt), Caterina Stroppel (Glasgow), Peter Symonds (Manchester), Franco Vivaldi (Queen Mary), Michael Weiss (Aberdeen).

  15. Scientific Committee 2002
    • Garth Dales (Chairman), Colin Rourke (Warwick), Rob Curtis and Chris Parker (Birmingham), David Armitage and Martin Mathieu (Belfast), Ken Brown (Glasgow), Helen Robinson (Coventry), John Greenlees (Sheffield), Ulricke Tillman (Oxford), Graham Jameson (Lancaster), Michael Weiss (Aberdeen), Peter Giblin and Hugh Morton (Liverpool).
    • The special sessions are on: Group Theory, organiser Chris Parker, speakers: Ulrich Meierfrankenfeld (MSU, visiting Kiel), Dan Segal (Oxford), Gunter Malle (Kassel) Malle as not yet accepted (now declined).

  16. Minutes for 2008
    • James Ward informed the committee that the following had accepted invitations as Plenary Speakers: David Eisenbud (Berkeley) (through the good offices of Garth Dales), Ron Graham (UC San Diego), Ben Green (Cambridge), Rostislav Grigorchuk (Texas A & M) and Frances Kirwan (Oxford).
    • The following have accepted invitations to be morning speakers: Rod Gow (History) and Tom Laffey both UCD, JŸrgen Berndt (UCC), Lars Olsen (St Andrews), Reidun Twarock (York), Dominic Welsh (Oxford).

  17. Minutes for 1968
    • It was changed, therefore, but then coincided with the date of this General Meeting, and also with the Tenth British Theoretical Mechanics Colloquium at Oxford.
    • but also with the Tenth British Theoretical Mechanics Colloquium at Oxford.

  18. Scientific Committee 2004
    • There is also a possibility of a joint meeting in 2009 or 2010 in Oxford, although costs could well be high.
    • This would be particularly attractive if there were a new building at Oxford at that time, which is a realistic possibility.

  19. Minutes for 1982
    • The minutes of the meeting held in Oxford were taken as read and signed by Prof Brown: no matters arose.
    • The Accounts of the Oxford B.M.C.

  20. Minutes for 1978
    • On behalf of the University of Oxford, Dr W B Stewart invited the 1981 Colloquium to Oxford.

  21. SCminutes2002.html
    • Garth Dales (Chairman), Colin Rourke (Warwick), Rob Curtis and Chris Parker (Birmingham), David Armitage and Martin Mathieu (Belfast), Ken Brown (Glasgow), Helen Robinson (Coventry), John Greenlees (Sheffield), Ulricke Tillman (Oxford), Graham Jameson (Lancaster), Michael Weiss (Aberdeen), Peter Giblin and Hugh Morton (Liverpool).
    • The special sessions are on: Group Theory, organiser Chris Parker, speakers: Ulrich Meierfrankenfeld (MSU, visiting Kiel), Dan Segal (Oxford), Gunter Malle (Kassel) Malle as not yet accepted (now declined).

  22. Minutes for 2008
    • James Ward informed the committee that the following had accepted invitations as Plenary Speakers: David Eisenbud (Berkeley) (through the good offices of Garth Dales), Ron Graham (UC San Diego), Ben Green (Cambridge), Rostislav Grigorchuk (Texas A & M) and Frances Kirwan (Oxford).
    • The following have accepted invitations to be morning speakers: Rod Gow (History) and Tom Laffey both UCD, JŸrgen Berndt (UCC), Lars Olsen (St Andrews), Reidun Twarock (York), Dominic Welsh (Oxford).

  23. Minutes for 2006
    • The proposal to hold a joint BMC and BAMC meeting in 2010 in Oxford was discussed.
    • Due to difficulties in Oxford it was decided not to go ahead.

  24. Savilian Chairs
    • The Savilian Chair of Geometry was founded in 1619 at the University of Oxford by Henry Savile.

  25. Scientific Committee 2005
    • Possible hosts were discussed: Oxford may be the host in 2010, but definitely not in 2009 because of building work.

  26. Minutes for 1949
    • Professor J H C Whitehead was asked to assume the responsibility for arranging the meeting in Oxford, with the assistance of Mr E C Thompson.

  27. BMC-BAMC meeting 2005
    • Possible hosts were discussed: Oxford may be the host in 2010, but definitely not in 2009 because of building work.

  28. Minutes for 1982
    • The minutes of the Committee Meeting of 1/4/81 at Oxford were taken a read, and signed by Prof Hubbuck.

  29. Minutes for 1981
    • A Committee Meeting of the British Mathematical Colloquium was held in Room A, St Catherine's College, Oxford on Wednesday 1st April, 1981 at 8.30 pm.

  30. Minutes for 1949
    • J H C Whitehead (Oxford) .

  31. References for British Association
    • J Morrelland and A Thackray, Gentlemen of science : early years of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (Oxford, 1981).

  32. Minutes for 1998
    • Dr Catherine Hobbs of Oxford Brookes University was elected.

  33. Scientific Committee minutes 2004
    • Martin Mathieu presented the final accounts for the Belfast meeting, which show a surplus of £28.10, with a cheque for £300 awaited from Oxford UP.

  34. Minutes for 1951
    • The minutes of the General Meeting held at Oxford in 1950 were read and approved.

  35. Minutes for 1951
    • The minutes of the Committee Meeting held at Oxford in 1950 were read and approved.

  36. Minutes for 2005
    • A 2009 joint meeting might be at Oxford, which by then could have a new Mathematical Institute.

  37. Scientific Committee 2007
    • Cathy Hobbs (Oxford Brookes) is new LMS rep.

  38. Minutes for 1950
    • A meeting of the Committee of the British Mathematical Colloquium was held in Jesus College, Oxford on April 13th, 1950.

  39. Scientific Committee 2008
    • Cathy Hobbs (Oxford Brookes) - until 31 May 2010 .

  40. Minutes for 1980
    • A list of possible speakers for the 1981 meeting in Oxford was proposed; the chairman was given power to send invitations on the basis of the list, but also to be free to vary the list if required.

  41. BMC 1950
    • This was held at Oxford: 12 - 14 April 1950.

  42. BMC 1981
    • This was held at Oxford: 31 March - 2 April 1981.

  43. Scientific Committee 2008
    • Cathy Hobbs (Oxford Brookes) - until 31 May 2010nnncahobbs@brookes.ac.uk .

References

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    • J W Shirley, Thomas Harriot : a biography (Oxford, 1983).
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    • J L Ackrill, Aristotle the philosopher (Oxford, 1981).
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    • Anita McConnell, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004).
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    • Biography by John Henry in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).
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    • R H Dalitz and R B Stinchcombe (eds.), A breadth of physics, Proceedings of the Symposium in Honour of Rudolf Peierls' Eightieth Birthday held at Oxford University, Oxford, June 27, 1987 (World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., Teaneck, NJ, 1988).
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    • I M Khalatnikov, Landau : the physicist and the man: recollections of L D Landau (Oxford, 1989).
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    • Biography by R Yeo, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).
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    • S C Easton, Roger Bacon and his search for a universal science : a reconsideration of the life and work of Roger Bacon in the light of his own stated purposes (Oxford, 1952).
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    • Biography by Fred Kaplan, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).
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    • Biography by Charles Clenshaw, rev., in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).
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    • Biography by Anita Guerrini, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).
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    • J Sesiano, On an algorithm for the approximation of surds from a Provencal treatise, in Mathematics from manuscript to print, 1300--1600, Oxford, 1984 (Oxford Univ.
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  19. References for Stewart Dugald
    • Biography by Michael P Brown, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).
    • P Corsi, The heritage of Dugald Stewart : Oxford philosophy and the method of political economy, Nuncius 2 (1987), 89-144.
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  20. References for Colenso
    • P Hinchliff, John William Colenso (1814-1883), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004).

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    • A Kenny, Frege : An introduction to the founder of modern analytic philosophy (Oxford, 2000).
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    • .' The Science and the life of Albert Einstein (Oxford, 1982).
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    • J Crank, Free and moving boundary problems (Oxford, 1987).
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    • G Grimmett, John Michael Hammersley : Mathematician, born in Helensburgh on 21 March 1920, died in Oxford on 2 May 2004 .
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  26. References for Euclid
    • D H Fowler, The mathematics of Plato's academy : a new reconstruction (Oxford, 1987).
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    • K Freeman, Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers (Oxford, 1971).
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  28. References for Hemchandra
    • R C C Fynes (trs.), Hemchandra's Lives of Jain Elders (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998).

  29. References for Clarke Joan
    • F H Hinsley and Alan Stripp, Codebreakers: The inside story of Bletchley Park (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993).

  30. References for Hobbes
    • K C Brown (ed.), Hobbes studies (Oxford, 1965).
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  31. References for Bolzano
    • S Russ, The mathematical works of Bernard Bolzano (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004).

  32. References for Horner
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  33. References for Tibbon
    • T R Gunther, Early Science in Oxford II (Oxford, 1923), 163-169.

  34. References for Molyneux William
    • J G O'Hara, William Molyneux (1656-1698), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, (Oxford University Press, 2004).

  35. References for Lefschetz
    • R F Brown, Fixed Point Theorems, in History of Topology (Oxford, 1999), 271-300.
    • I M James, Some topologists, in History of Topology (Oxford, 1999), 883-908.

  36. References for Eudoxus
    • T L Heath, A History of Greek Mathematics I (Oxford, 1921).
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    • J Giedymin, Science and convention : Essays on Henri Poincare's philosophy of science and the conventionalist tradition (Oxford, 1982).
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    • Willard Gibbs, American mathematical physicist par excellence (Oxford, 1974).
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  39. References for Roberval
    • N Malcolm, Aspects of Hobbes (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002).

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    • A Pais, Niels Bohr's Times: In Physics, Philosophy, and Polity (Oxford, 1991).
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    • M Atiyah, Some personal reminiscences, in J Fauvel, R Flodd and R Wilson (eds.), Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000), 260-261.

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    • Henry Savile, in J Fauvel, R Flodd and R Wilson (eds.), Oxford figures : 800 years of the mathematical sciences (Oxford, 2000), 51-56.

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    • G C Field, The philosophy of Plato (Oxford, 1956).
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    • Bibliography of J L Synge, in General relativity : papers in honour of J L Synge (Oxford, 1972), 257-265.
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    • T L Heath, Aristarchus of Samos (Oxford, 1913).
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  52. References for Callippus
    • T L Heath, Aristarchus of Samos (Oxford, 1913).
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    • P Mancosu (ed.), From Hilbert to Brouwer : The Debate on the Foundations of Mathematics in the 1920s (Oxford, 1988).
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  57. References for Eudemus
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).
    • R Robinson (trs.), Aristotle, Fundamentals of the History of his Development (Oxford, 1948).

  58. References for La Faille
    • L K Stein, Songs of Mortals, Dialogues of the Gods: Music and Theatre in Seventeenth-century Spain (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993), .

  59. References for Pell
    • Biography by Christoph J Scriba, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).
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    • T L Heath, A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).
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  62. References for Golub
    • R H Chan, C Greif and D P O'Leary (eds.), Milestones in matrix computation: selected works of Gene H Golub, with commentaries (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2007).

  63. References for Eratosthenes
    • D H Fowler, The mathematics of Plato's academy : a new reconstruction (Oxford, 1987).
    • T L Heath, A History of Greek Mathematics (2 vols.) (Oxford, 1921).

  64. References for Weyl
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  65. References for Menaechmus
    • J L Coolidge, A history of the conic sections and quadric surfaces (Oxford, 1945).
    • T L Heath, A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).

  66. References for Aristaeus
    • J L Coolidge, A history of the conic sections and quadric surfaces (Oxford, 1945).
    • T L Heath, A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).

  67. References for Wittgenstein
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    • R Rhees (ed.), Recollections of Wittgenstein (Oxford, 1984).

  68. References for Apollonius
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    • J V Field, The invention of infinity : Mathematics and art in the Renaissance (Oxford, 1997).

  301. References for More Henry
    • A Rupert Hall, Henry More : Magic, religion and Experiment (Oxford, 1990).

  302. References for Gregory Duncan
    • Maria Pantekie, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).

  303. References for Thomson
    • C Watson, William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824-1907), in Some nineteenth century British scientists (Oxford, 1969), 96-153.

  304. References for Hille
    • J D Zund, Einar Carl Hille, American National Biography 10 (Oxford, 1999), 807-808.

  305. References for Troughton
    • Biography by Anita McConnell, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).

  306. References for Maupertuis
    • D Beeson, Maupertuis : an intellectual biography (Oxford, 1992).

  307. References for Peirce Charles
    • A Ackerberg, Charles Sanders Peirce, American National Biography 17 (Oxford, 1999), 252-253.

  308. References for Martin
    • P W Hunter, Artemas Martin, American National Biography 14 (Oxford, 1999), 587.

  309. References for Coble
    • J H Parshall, Arthur Byron Coble, American National Biography 5 (Oxford, 1999), 113-114.

  310. References for White
    • K H Parshall, Henry Seely White, American National Biography 23 (Oxford, 1999), 216-218.

  311. References for Cayley
    • J North, Arthur Cayley (1821-1895), in Some nineteenth century British scientists (Oxford, 1969), 31-64.

  312. References for Abbott
    • Rosemary Jann, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).

  313. References for Woods
    • J Ockendon, Professor L C Woods : Maverick Oxford mathematician, .

  314. References for De Forest
    • S M Stigler, Erastus Lyman De Forest, American National Biography 6 (Oxford, 1999), 337-339.

  315. References for Stueckelberg
    • J Mehra, The Beat of a Different Drum : The Life and Science of Richard Feynman (Oxford 1994), 573-577.

  316. References for Bolza
    • J H Parshall, Oskar Bolza, American National Biography 3 (Oxford, 1999), 149-150.

  317. References for Huygens
    • D E Newbold, Christiaan Huygens, 1629-1695, in Late seventeenth century scientists (Oxford, 1969), 107-131.

  318. References for Leshniewski
    • S J Surma, On the work and influence of Stanislaw Lesniewski, in Logic Colloquium 76, Oxford, 1976 (Amsterdam, 1977), 191-220.

  319. References for Peirce B O
    • A C Lewis, Benjamin Osgood Peirce II, American National Biography 17 (Oxford, 1999), 251-252.

  320. References for Feller
    • J W Dauben, William Feller, American National Biography 7 (Oxford, 1999), 801-802.

  321. References for Maschke
    • J H Parshall, Heinrich Maschke, American National Biography 14 (Oxford, 1999), 635-636.

  322. References for Woodhouse
    • Biography by Harvey W Becher, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).

  323. References for Porphyry
    • T L Heath, A history of Greek mathematics I, II (Oxford, 1931).

  324. References for Wilder
    • J D Zund, Raymond Louis Wilder, American National Biography 23 (Oxford, 1999), 379-380.

  325. References for Penrose
    • R Penrose, The Emperor's New Mind (Oxford, 1990).

  326. References for Coolidge
    • J W Dauben, Julian Lowell Coolidge, American National Biography 4 (Oxford, 1999), 424-425.

  327. References for Diocles
    • T L Heath, A History of Greek Mathematics (2 Vols.) (Oxford, 1921).

  328. References for Hadley
    • Biography by Gloria Clifton, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).

  329. References for Danti
    • J V Field, The invention of infinity : Mathematics and art in the Renaissance (Oxford, 1997).

  330. References for Chatelet
    • T Besterman, Voltaire (Oxford, 1969).

  331. References for Molyneux Samuel
    • Anita McConnell, in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).

  332. References for D'Alembert
    • R Grimsley, Jean d'Alembert, 1717-83 (Oxford, 1963).

  333. References for Wilson Alexander
    • Roger Hutchins , in Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).

Additional material

  1. Twenty-Five Years of Groups St Andrews Conferences
    • With this aim in mind we invited Seymour Bachmuth (Santa Barbara), Gilbert Baumslag (CUNY), Peter Neumann (Oxford), Jim Roseblade (Cambridge) and Jacques Tits (Paris) to be the main speakers.
    • At the 1993 conference Peter Neumann (Oxford) asked if Oxford might be considered as a venue for 1997 (to coincide with Graham Higman's 80th birthday).
    • By this time, however, we had already accepted the invitation to hold the 1997 Conference in Bath, but it was agreed that Oxford would be the venue for 2001.
    • The main speakers for the 1997 conference were Laszlo Babai (Chicago), Martin Bridson (Oxford), Chris Brookes (Cambridge), Cheryl Praeger (Western Australia) and Aner Shalev (Hebrew University of Jerusalem).
    • The organizing committee for Groups St Andrews 2001 in Oxford consisted of the two of us together with Danny Groves (Merton, Oxford), Patrick Martineau (Wadham, Oxford), Peter Neumann (Queen's, Oxford), Geoff Smith (Bath), Brian Stewart (Exeter, Oxford) and Gabrielle Stoy (Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford).
    • For the Oxford Conference the main speakers were Marston Conder (Auckland), Persi Diaconis (Stanford), Peter Palfy (Eotvos Lorand, Budapest), Marcus du Sautoy (Cambridge), and Mike Vaughan-Lee (Christ Church, Oxford).
    • There have also been: musical events with participants as the musicians, Scottish Country Dance evenings, barn dances, piano recitals, organ recitals, theatre trips, whisky tasting, putting, chess, walks along the Fife Coast, walks round Bath, walks round Oxford, and there would have been a cricket match in Bath but it was rained off.
    • Conference dinners have taken place in David Russell Hall (old and new) in St Andrews, the Corrib Great Southern Galway, the Ardilaun House Hotel Galway, the Assembly Rooms in Bath ("a grand Georgian affair with chandeliers etc."), Cumberwell Park Golf Club (in Bradford-on-Avon and not St Andrews!) and Lady Margaret Hall Oxford.
    • The British Council, the Edinburgh Mathematical Society, the London Mathematical Society, the Royal Society of London have provided grants, while the universities of St Andrews, Galway, Bath and Oxford have all contributed in financial and other ways to the success of the conferences.

  2. Gordon Preston on semigroups
    • I took finals at Oxford in 1948 with a syllabus that I and most of my contemporaries regarded as impossibly out of date.
    • For example, our differential geometry lectures told us about two adjacent points on a curve, or two adjacent tangents to a curve, and my immediate contemporaries at Magdalen (my college at Oxford), Michael Barrett and Victor Guggenheim, and I, read the appropriate books that did this differential geometry properly.
    • After spending one year at Oxford in 1943/4, I was called up for war service, volunteered for the navy, and was drafted to work for the foreign office at Bletchley Park.
    • Philip Watson (Philip and I had come together from Oxford), A 0 L (Oliver) Atkin, and Michael Ashcroft.
    • Most of the Oxford professors had about 20 research students each, at that time.
    • John Crossley, for example, left the permanent job of fellow of All Soul's, at Oxford, surely one of the most enviable jobs for anyone to have, to come to Monash as a professor, because he saw a chance here, which he did not see at most universities in Britain, that mathematical logic would be treated as the important part of mathematics that it is.

  3. Hardy in the USA
    • Odd that my only train in this country of infinite velocity should be the slowest I've been in for about 25 years - like going down to Oxford by a train which stopped at every station! .
    • The interval 'tea to dinner', my standby in Oxford, is just non-existent, and that demands a drastic readjustment of ones habits.
    • Was the telegram from you? But (so completely have I forgotten Oxford) I haven't the least idea what special Smith controversy you mean (I assume you do mean your A L Smith and not mine).
    • Everybody seems just at first to be merely unsophisticated, but that is a delusion (just as Oxford youth is very much less sophisticated than it seems to be).
    • I have at last learnt what the Oxford manner is - there are 3 or 4 Englishmen here and here it sticks out all over.
    • It is understood of course that Oxford and England has it all over vs P.

  4. Groups St Andrews Conferences
    • Peter Neumann (Oxford) .
    • Martin Bridson (Oxford) .
    • Groups St Andrews 2001 in Oxford .
    • Held in Oxford, England, 5 August - 18 August 2001 .
    • Mike Vaughan-Lee (Christ Church, Oxford) .

  5. Ferrar: 'Textbook of Convergence
    • Oxford .
    • OXFORD .
    • It is something of an experiment to employ it in a text-book, but its almost universal adoption in recent years by mathematical undergraduates at Oxford leads me to hope that it will prove acceptable.
    • In conclusion, I should like to thank the staff of the Oxford University Press for their work on the book and for their unfailing courtesy towards me in all matters concerning it.
    • OXFORD .

  6. Edwin Elliot: 'Algebra of Quantics
    • Edwin Elliott's most important contribution was the book An introduction to the algebra of quantics which was first published by Oxford University Press in 1895.
    • FELLOW OF MAGNALEN COLLEGE, OXFORD .
    • OXFORD .
    • The present work is an expansion of a course of lectures which I have annually delivered for some years past at Queen's College, Oxford.
    • OXFORD, .

  7. Edwin Elliot's Algebra of Quantics
    • Edwin Elliott's most important contribution was the book An introduction to the algebra of quantics which was first published by Oxford University Press in 1895.
    • FELLOW OF MAGNALEN COLLEGE, OXFORD .
    • OXFORD .
    • The present work is an expansion of a course of lectures which I have annually delivered for some years past at Queen's College, Oxford.
    • OXFORD, .

  8. Leonard Woolf on G H Hardy
    • Levy [Paul Levy, Moore: G E Moore and the Cambridge Apostles (Oxford, 1981)] introduces his study of G E Moore by discussing the assessment made of Moore by Leonard Woolf, drawing not only on Woolf's five volumes of autobiography, but also on an interview he had with Woolf.
    • and Savilian Professor of Geometry in Oxford.
    • It is somewhat strange that Woolf's synopsis of Hardy's career seems to stop with Hardy becoming Professor at Oxford.
    • and Savilian Professor of Geometry in Oxford.
    • I dined at the high table in Trinity, and went to see McTaggart and Bertrand Russell, and played bowls on the Fellows Bowling Green with G H Hardy, who was a remarkable mathematician, became Professor at Oxford, and was one of the strangest and most charming of men.

  9. EMS 1934 Colloquium
    • Courses of lectures are being delivered on "World-Structure by the Kinetic Methods of the Special Theory of Relativity," by Professor E A Milne, Oxford; on "Ramanujan's Note-Books and their Place in Modern Mathematics," by Professor B M Wilson, Dundee; on "Pictorial Geometry," by Professor H W Turnbull, St Andrews; and on "Some Expansions Relating to the Problem of Lattice Points," by Mr W L Ferrar, Fellow of Hertford College, Oxford.
    • The principal course of lectures, delivered by Professor E A Milne (Oxford), dealt with the problem of world-structure by the kinematical methods of special relativity.
    • Mr W L Ferrar (Oxford) gave an account of some expansions relating to the problem of lattice points, treating of lattice points in a circle, the order problem and relations between summation formulae.

  10. Three Sadleirian Professors
    • In the present month Professor G H Hardy, who for eleven years has been resident in Oxford, will return to Cambridge and occupy the Sadleirian chair of mathematics, vacant by the resignation of Professor Hobson.
    • Honorary degrees have been conferred on him by Aberdeen, Calcutta, Christiania, Dublin, Glasgow, Liverpool, Oxford, and Victoria.
    • Honorary degrees have been conferred upon him by Aberdeen, Dublin, Manchester, Oxford, St Andrews, and Sheffield, and he is a member of learned societies in Ireland, Germany, and Italy.
    • These posts were held until 1919, when he was appointed to the Savilian chair of Geometry in the University of Oxford.

  11. Charles Tweedie on James Stirling
    • OXFORD .
    • The sketch I here present to readers furnishes further details regarding Stirling's student days at Balliol College, Oxford, as culled from contemporary records, along with more accurate information regarding the part he played in the Tory interests, and the reason for his departure for Italy.
    • Undoubtedly, when at Oxford, he shared the strong Jacobite leanings of the rest of his family.
    • Personally, I am inclined to think that he did, for it was then the fashion to enter the University at a much earlier age than now, and he was already about eighteen years of age when he proceeded to Oxford.

  12. W H and G C Young
    • Directly after, they were allowed to take, unofficially, the Oxford equivalent of the Tripos, and while they were sitting these examinations the Cambridge results came out.
    • Grace was so happy about them that she outdid herself and scored higher in Oxford than anyone else that year.
    • .) The Oxford success, not entered on the University record, was important in suggesting to Grace a possible future in mathematics.

  13. Mathematics and London Coffee Houses
    • Antony Wood writes in Athenae Oxonienses (1691) that the first coffee house opened in Oxford:- .
    • Hither, too, came Professor Halley, the great astronomer, to meet his friends on his weekly visit to London from Oxford ..
    • John Harris was born around 1666 and graduated from Oxford University twenty years later.

  14. George Chrystal's Second Promoter's Address
    • It is an excellent thing to interest the population of London, for example, by giving popular lectures on various branches of university culture, and by organising excursions to Oxford and Cambridge to hear a young university Don or two give dozen lectures on some tolerably digestible university subject; to take a walk along the banks of Isis or Cam, to see where Erasmus lived and Newton worked, and where their degenerate successors live and dine - (laughter and applause) - but, as the advocates of a teaching university for London very pertinently insisted lately, all this does nothing for the higher learning in London or elsewhere.
    • David Gregory, afterwards Savilian Professor in Oxford, was indeed a favourite follower, distinguished by Newton himself; and it was in his lecture room in the university of Edinburgh that the doctrines of "Principia" were first publicly taught in Great Britain.

  15. Diderot: Nicholas Saunderson
    • Would be able to correctly name them? In the quotation below, taken from M J Morgan, Molyneux's question (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1977), Diderot discusses Nicholas Saunderson: .

  16. Edinburgh Mathematical Society members 1929
    • FERRAR, M.A., F.R.S.E., Hertford College, Oxford .
    • FRECHEVILLE, M.A., B.Sc., 4 Beaumont Street, Oxford .

  17. EMS 1934 Colloquium 2.html
    • The principal course of lectures, delivered by Professor E A Milne (Oxford), dealt with the problem of world-structure by the kinematical methods of special relativity.
    • Mr W L Ferrar (Oxford) gave an account of some expansions relating to the problem of lattice points, treating of lattice points in a circle, the order problem and relations between summation formulae.

  18. EMS 1934 Colloquium 1.html
    • Courses of lectures are being delivered on "World-Structure by the Kinetic Methods of the Special Theory of Relativity," by Professor E A Milne, Oxford; on "Ramanujan's Note-Books and their Place in Modern Mathematics," by Professor B M Wilson, Dundee; on "Pictorial Geometry," by Professor H W Turnbull, St Andrews; and on "Some Expansions Relating to the Problem of Lattice Points," by Mr W L Ferrar, Fellow of Hertford College, Oxford.

  19. Semple and Kneebone: 'Algebraic Projective Geometry
    • J G Semple and G T Kneebone published Algebraic Projective Geometry (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1952).

  20. Mathematicians and Music 2.2
    • It was long used as a text at the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge.
    • Markedly contrasted to Kepler in abilities and habits of thought was John Wallis, the notably able Savilian professor at Oxford University, where a brilliant mathematical school was developed under his direction.

  21. George Temple's Inaugural Lecture I
    • George Temple delivered his Inaugural Lecture as Sedleian Professor of Natural Philosophy before the University of Oxford on 2 March 1954.
    • The classification of works of art as classic or romantic is neither exhaustive nor exclusive, and this may be one reason why even the resources of the great critics or of the Oxford English Dictionary fail to provide more than suggestive hints.

  22. Heath: 'Mathematics in Aristotle' Preface
    • Ada Mary Heath describes the events leading to its publication as the book: T L Heath, Mathematics in Aristotle (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1949) in the Preface:- .

  23. Gibson History 8 - James Stirling
    • In the first group of Snell Exhibitioners sent up in 1699 by Glasgow College to Balliol College, Oxford, one was a Gregory - Charles Gregory (born 1681), fourth son of David Gregory of Kinairdy, and brother of David Gregory who had succeeded his uncle James Gregory as Professor of Mathematics at Edinburgh.
    • Mr Tweedie in his book James Stirling: a Sketch of his Life and Works along with his Scientific Correspondence (Oxford: 1922) has dealt so fully and accurately with Stirling's position as a mathematician that I can do nothing more than summarise his statements.

  24. D'Arcy Thompson's family
    • The lecture was published in D'Arcy Thompson, Science and the classics (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1940):- .

  25. Campbell on Differential Geometry
    • FELLOW OF HERTFORD COLLEGE, OXFORD .
    • OXFORD .

  26. G H Hardy addresses the British Association in 1922
    • I find myself to-day in the same embarrassing position in which a predecessor of mine at Oxford found himself at Bradford in 1875, the, President of a Section which is probably the largest and most heterogeneous in the Association, and which is absorbed by a multitude of divergent professional interests, none of which agree with his or mine.
    • In a lecture which I delivered on this subject at Oxford I stated, on the authority of Dr Ruckle, that there were two numbers, in the immediate neighbourhood of 1000000, which could not be resolved into fewer cubes than six; but Dr A E Western has refuted this assertion by resolving each of them into five, and is of opinion, I believe, that the six-cube numbers have disappeared entirely considerably before this point.

  27. G H Hardy addresses the British Association in 1922, Part 1
    • I find myself to-day in the same embarrassing position in which a predecessor of mine at Oxford found himself at Bradford in 1875, the, President of a Section which is probably the largest and most heterogeneous in the Association, and which is absorbed by a multitude of divergent professional interests, none of which agree with his or mine.
    • In a lecture which I delivered on this subject at Oxford I stated, on the authority of Dr Ruckle, that there were two numbers, in the immediate neighbourhood of 1000000, which could not be resolved into fewer cubes than six; but Dr A E Western has refuted this assertion by resolving each of them into five, and is of opinion, I believe, that the six-cube numbers have disappeared entirely considerably before this point.

  28. G H Hardy's schedule of lectures in the USA
    • Also touring in the USA in 1929 were P A M Dirac, from Cambridge, and E A Milne, from Oxford.

  29. EMS obituary
    • In 1919 he was elected Fereday Fellow of St John's College, Oxford.

  30. EMS obituary
    • The Oxford scholars of the eighteenth century had neglected him, and a sixteenth-century Latin translation, together with a bare reprint of a small part of his text by a French editor, was all that was extant.

  31. Sheppard Papers
    • Oxford.

  32. H W Turnbull's LMS Obituary by Ledermann
    • Among the distinctions he received were the Fereday Fellowship at St John's College, Oxford, for the period 1919-26 and the election to the Royal Society in 1932.

  33. Hardy and Veblen on Erdos
    • [On New College, Oxford notepaper] .

  34. Gregory tercentenary
    • The ceremony was held in the Upper Hall of the University Library, and among those present were the following delegates from learned societies:- Royal Society of Edinburgh, Dr A C Aitken; Royal Society of London, Professor E T Whittaker; London Mathematical Society, Professor J M Whittaker; Institute of Physics, Professor T Alty; Royal Astronomical Society, London, Professor W H H Greaves; Edinburgh Mathematical Society, Mr George Lawson; Institution of Civil Engineers, Dr David Anderson; University of Cambridge, Professor E Cunningham; University of Oxford, Professor E T Copson; University of Glasgow, Professor T M MacRobert; University of Aberdeen, Professor E M Wright; University of Edinburgh, Professor Max Born; Educational Institute of Scotland, Mr Harry Blackwood.

  35. Donald C Spencer's publications
    • 1964), (Oxford University Press, 1964), 135-162.

  36. Turnbull Professor
    • He is a member of London Mathematical Society and Fereday Fellow of St John's College, Oxford, 1919.

  37. Copson Professor
    • He was a scholar of St John's College, Oxford, from 1919 to 1922, and gained First Class Honours in Mathematical Moderations (1920) and Final Honour School of Mathematics (1922.) From 1922 to 1929 he held a lectureship in mathematics in the University of Edinburgh, during which time he graduated D.Sc., and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

  38. Muir on research in Scotland
    • As for the historical significance of the decline of original research in a nation, so far as this regards Mathematics I cannot do better than quote the eloquent and impressive words of the late Professor Henry Smith of Oxford, who from his wide culture and general robustness of mind was one of the last men to take a one-sided or pessimistic view.

  39. Scotland in 1883 and the EMS
    • Candidates, before they can receive the certificates, must have studied in at least three of the Classes of the "Edinburgh Association for the University Education of Women," that are recognised by the Senatus Academicus; and they must also have passed the Local Examinations of the University of Edinburgh, or of one of the other Scottish Universities, or of the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge.

  40. Aitken: 'Statistical Mathematics
    • The word "statistics" is defined in the Concise Oxford Dictionary as follows: in the plural, "numerical facts systematically collected, as statistics of population, crime"; in the singular, "science of collecting, classifying and using statistics." This definition adequately conveys the present meaning of the word; but the term was once restricted, as its derivation shows, to systematic collections of data descriptive of political communities, a domain partly taken over now by the more special word "demography." .

  41. Turnbull and Aitken: 'Canonical Matrices
    • and Fereday Fellow of St John's College, Oxford.

  42. J M Whittaker Chair
    • The Chair of Pure Mathematics, to which Dr Whittaker has how succeeded, was vacated by the translation of Professor E C Titchmarsh, F.R.S., to the Savilian Chair at Oxford.

  43. Florian Cajori on William Oughtred
    • In the year 1660 the Royal Society was founded by royal favour in London, although in reality its inception took place in 1645 when the Philosophical Society (or, as Boyle called it, the "Invisible College") came into being, which held meetings at Gresham College in London and later in Oxford.

  44. De Coste on Mersenne 1.html

  45. Alfred Tarski: 'Cardinal Algebras
    • In 1949 Oxford University Press published Alfred Tarski's book on Cardinal Algebras.

  46. Gregory's Observatory
    • The word Observatory is used in this letter in 1673, three years earlier than the first quotation in the Oxford English Dictionary.

  47. Mathematics in Edinburgh
    • Candidates, before they can receive the certificates, must have studied in at least three of the Classes of the "Edinburgh Association for the University Education of Women," that are recognised by the Senatus Academicus; and they must also have passed the Local Examinations of the University of Edinburgh, or of one of the other Scottish Universities, or of the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge.

  48. Gibson History 6 - More Gregorys
    • In 1692 he left Edinburgh to take up the position of Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford.

  49. W Burnside: 'Theory of Groups of Finite Order
    • Mr Harold Hilton, M.A., Lecturer in Mathematics at Bedford College, University of London, and formerly Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, gave me great assistance by reading, and criticising the chapters on groups of linear substitutions; and Dr Henry Frederick Baker, F.R.S., Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge, helped me with most valuable suggestions on the chapter dealing with invariants.

  50. A N Whitehead: 'Autobiographical Notes
    • There were the Oxford and Cambridge type, and the German type.

  51. Muir on research in Scotland
    • As for the historical significance of the decline of original research in a nation, so far as this regards Mathematics I cannot do better than quote the eloquent and impressive words of the late Professor Henry Smith of Oxford, who from his wide culture and general robustness of mind was one of the last men to take a one-sided or pessimistic view.

  52. Kerr: 'Technical Education
    • In that report attention is directed to the suggestive fact that the roll of students contains the names of 175 graduates of the Universities of Aberdeen, Berlin, Cambridge, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Ireland (Royal), London, Oxford, St Andrews and Victoria.

  53. George Temple's Inaugural Lecture II
    • George Temple delivered his Inaugural Lecture as Sedleian Professor of Natural Philosophy before the University of Oxford on 2 March 1954.

  54. De Coste on Mersenne
    • Sixtin Amama, Professor of Grammar at Franeker in Friesland, and Robert Fludd, English physician from the University of Oxford, wrote books against Father Mersenne: but the first, recognising his frankness and sincerity, later made friends with him, as one may see from the pleasant and worthy letters he often wrote to him.

  55. The Dundee Numerical Analysis Conferences
    • The intention was that participants would only be from Scotland, but in the event it appears that quite a few attended from south of the border, including John Mason from Oxford, Ken Wright from Newcastle, Will McLewin from Manchester and Garry Tee from Lancaster.

  56. Gregory's Astronomical Clock
    • This astronomical timepiece was made for James Gregory by Joseph Knibb, the well-known London clockmaker, who had worked for a time in Oxford.

Quotations

  1. Quotations by Maclaurin
    • Quoted in C Tweedie, James Stirling (Oxford 1922) .

  2. Quotations by Littlewood
    • It is true that I should have been surprised in the past to learn that Professor Hardy had joined the Oxford Group.

  3. Quotations by Hobbes
    • Quoted in O L Dick, Brief Lives (Oxford 1960) .

  4. Quotations by Dirac
    • Preface to The principles of Quantum Mechanics (Oxford, 1930) .

Chronology

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